Superfamily CHALCIDOIDEA 945 



Biology: Flanders, 1942. Jour. Econ. Ent. 35 (6): 834-835. -Smith, 1942. Jour. Econ. Ent. 35 

 (6): 809-812. -Flanders, 1943. Jour. Econ. Ent. 36 (2): 233-235. -Flanders, 1944. Ent. Soc. 

 Amer., Ann. 37 (3): 365. — Swezey, 1923. Hawaii. Ent. Soc, Proc. 5 (2): 301. — Timberlake, 

 1924. Hawaii. Ent. Soc, Proc 5 (3): 433. —Compere and Smith, 1927. Calif. Univ., Pubs. 

 Ent. 4 (4): 64-70. — Moutia, 1934. Mauritius Dept. Agr., Ann. Rpt. for 1933, p. 27. —Coy, 

 1938. Calif. Dept. Agr., Bui, 27 (4): 445-446. —Swezey et ai, 1939. Hawaii. Ent. Soc, Proc 

 10 (2): 351. -Smith, 1941. Calif. Citrog. 26 (3): 58, 76. —Campbell, 1943. Austral. Coun. Sci. 

 Ind. Res., Jour. 16 (1): 41-42. -Woglum, et «/., 1947. Jour. Econ. Ent. 40 (6): 820. -Maple, 

 1947. Calif. Univ., Pubs. Ent. 8 (2): 74, 76. -DeBach, 1948. Jour. Econ. Ent. 41 (6): 985. 

 -DeBach, 1952. Calif. Citrog. 37 (4): 136. —Flanders, 1956. Lab. Zool. Gen. Agr. Fac Agr. 

 Portici, Bol. 33: 14. — Tshumakova, 1957. Ent. Oboz. 36 (3): 643-651. -Smith, 1957. Canad. 

 Ent. 85 (5): 220. — Azim, 1961. Mushi 35 (14): 104. — Annecke, 1962. So. Afr. Jour. Agr. Sci. 

 5 (2): 281-282. -Rimes, 1962. West. Austral. Dept. Agr., Jour. 3 (11): 881. -DeBach, 1965. 

 Canad. Ent. 97 (8): 859. -Subba Rao, 1966. Mushi 39 (13): 135-138. -Trjapitzin, 1968. 

 Vses. Ent. Obshch., Trudy 52: 75. —DeBach, 1964. Biol. Control Insect Pests and Weeds, 

 pp. 133, 288, 323, 350, 354, 451, 676. —Brewer, 1971. Austral. Jour. Zool. 19 (1): 53-63. 

 -Huffaker, 1971. Biol. Control, pp. 74-75, 79, 181, 186. -DeBach, 1974. Biol. Control by 

 Nat. Enem., pp. 179, 180, 181, 200, 203, 206. A more extensive bibliography is provided by 

 Peck (1963). 



Genus HABROLEPIS Foerster 



Habrolepis Foerster, 1856. Hym. Stud., v. 2, pp. 34, 38. 



Type-species: Eucyrtus nubilipennis Walker. Orig. desig. The type-species is 

 considered a synonym of Encyrtus dalmanni Westwood. 

 GynDiotu'iira Risbec, 1951. Mem. Inst. Fr. Afr. Noire 13: 157. 



Type-species: Gymnoneura bmiibeyi Risbec. Monotypic 



Habrolepis contains about a dozen species which develop as primary internal parasites of scale 

 insects. Some species have been used in biological control programs with varying degrees of suc- 

 cess. The genus has not been reported from South America and one species, H. wiixi, was in- 

 troduced into North America for biological control of the California red scale. 



Taxonomy: Timberlake, 1921. Hawaii. Ent. Soc, Proc 4 (2): 432. — Ferriere, 1953. Rev. Path. 

 Veg. d'Ent. Agr. France 32 (2): 115. — Tachikawa, 1956. Insecta Matsumurana 20 (3-4): 95. 



— Hoffer, 1960. Mus. Nat. Pragae, Acta Faun. Ent. 6: 114. — Delucchi, 1965. Entomophaga 

 10 (3): 295-304. —Graham, 1969. Polskie Pismo Ent. 39 (2): 290-291. —Annecke and 

 Mynhardt, 1970. Entomophaga 15 (2): 127-148. 



dalmanni (Westwood). Mass., Conn., Ohio. Host: AsterolecaniuDi quercicola (Bouche), A. 



variolosiuii (Ratz.), Lepidoaaphen uhiii (L.). 

 Encyrtus Dahiianni Westwood, 1837. London. Edinb. and Dublin Phil. Mag. and Jour. Sci. 



10 (3): 440. 

 Habrolepis Dahnani Mayr, 1876 (1875). Zool.-Bot. Gesell. Wien, Verb. 25: 751. 6, 9. 



Unjustified emend. 



Biology: Maple, 1947. Calif. Univ., Pubs. Ent. 8 (2): 90. — Balachowsky, 1929. Ann. Epiphy. 14 

 (4): 303, 304. — Nicholls, 1933. Tasmanian Jour. Agr. 4 (1): 24-26. — Gourlay, 1935. New 

 Zeal. Jour. Sci. Tech. 16 (4): 216-235. —Nicholson, 1935. Austral. Council Sci. Indus. Res., 

 Ann. Rpt. for 1934-1935, 9 (209): 33. —Evans, 1939. Tasmanian Jour. Agr. 10 (4): 202-203. 



— Evans, 1945. Ann. Appl. Biol. 32 (2): 179-180. — Tsalev and V'loheva, 1963. Gorsko 

 Stopanstvo 19 (1): 23. — Tsaleff and Valcheva, 1963. Sofia. Rast. Zashch. 11 (9): 27. 

 —Delucchi and Traboulsi, 1965. Soc Ent. de France, Ann. (n. s.) 1 (2): 495-500. 



rouxi Compere. Calif. Introduced. Host: Aonidiella aurantii Mask, on citrus. 

 Habrolepis rouxi Compere, 1936. Bui. Ent. Res. 27 (3): 493-496. 9. 



Biology: Compere, 1937. Calif. Citrog. 23 (2): 58, 88. —Flanders, 1942. Ecology 23 (1): 



120-121. —Flanders, 1944. Jour. Econ. Ent. 37 (3): 444-445. —Flanders, 1945. Amer. Nat. 79 

 (781): 126, 131, 133-136. —Flanders, 1946. Pan-Pacific Ent. 22 (1): 35. — Omer-Cooper and 

 Whitehead, 1950. Citr. Grower, no. 195, p. 3. —Flanders, 1956. Lab. Zool. Gen. Agr. Fac. 

 Agr. Portici, Bol. 33: 55. —Smith, 1957. Canad. Ent. 89 (5): 219-230. —Weber, 1957. Hawaii. 



