Superfamily CHALCIDOIDEA 1039 



Taxonomy: Quednau, 1960. Biol. Bund, fur Land- u. Forstwirtsch., Mitt. 100: 11-50. 



— Nagarkatti and Nagaraja, 1971. Bui. Ent. Res. 61: 20. 



Biology: Burrell and McCormick, 1962. Jour. Econ. Ent. 55: 880. — Breniere, 1965. 

 Entomophaga 10: 274. -Chen, 1967 (1966). Mushi 39(suppl.): 104. -Drummond et ai, 

 1970. Lepidopterists' Soc, Jour. 24: 140. 

 minutum Riley. S. Canada, U. S. e.xcept for most southern and southwestern areas. Ecology: 

 Insect eggs deposited in arboreal habitats are parasitized. 

 Trichogramnia minutum Riley, 1871. Mo. State Bd. Agr., Ann. Rpt. 6: 157. 



Taxonomy: Flanders, 1953. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 46: 85. —Quednau, 1960. Biol. Bund, fur 

 Land- u. Forstwirtsch., Mitt. 100: 11-50. —Nagarkatti and Nagaraja, 1971. Bui. Ent. Res. 

 61: 21, 23. 



Biology: Langston, 1957. Univ. Calif. Pubs., Ent. 14: 25-26. —Downey, 1958 (1957). 111. State 

 Acad. Sci., Trans. 50: 299. -Schaffner, 1959. U. S. Dept. Agr., Misc. Pub. 767: 81. -Glass, 

 1963. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 56: 564. — Kulman, 1965. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 58: 241-243. 



— Flanders, 1968. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 61: 1122-1124. — Oatman et al., 1970. Ent. Soc. 

 Amer., Ann. 63: 633-635. — Fazalludin and Nagarkatti, 1971. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 64: 

 1470-1471. 



pretiosum Riley. S. Canada, U. S. except most southern and southwestern areas. Ecology: 



Insect eggs deposited on herbaceous vegetation in campestral habitats are parasitized. 

 Trichogramvia pretiosa Riley, 1879. Canad. Ent. 11: 161. 9, S. 



Taxonomy: Flanders, 1953. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 46: 85. —Flanders, 1968. Ent. Soc. Amer., 

 Ann. 61: 1122-1124. — Orphanides and Gonzalez, 1970. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 63: 1784-1785. 

 —Nagarkatti and Nagaraja, 1971. Bui. Ent. Res. 61: 24-25. 



Biology: Oatman, 1966. Jour. Econ. Ent. 59: 831. —Orphanides and Gonzalez, 1970. Ent. Soc. 

 Amer., Ann. 63: 1734-1740. -Oatman et al., 1970. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 63: 633-635. 

 —Orphanides and Gonzalez, 1971. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 64: 824-834. —Fazalludin and 

 Nagarkatti, 1971. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 64: 1470-1471. —Oatman and Platner, 1971. Jour. 

 Econ. Ent. 64: 501-506. 

 retorridum (Girault). Iowa s. to no. New Mexico, w. to Great Basin and Pacific Coast Range in 

 Central Calif. Ecology: Insect eggs deposited in dry, but not arid, environments are 

 parasitized. 

 Pentarthron retorridum Girault, 1911. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 37: 52. 9, S. 



Taxonomy: Quednau, 1960. Biol. Bund fur Land- u. Forstwirtsch., Mitt. 100: 11-50. 

 —Nagarkatti and Nagaraja, 1971. Bui. Ent. Res. 61: 25-27. 



Biology: Webster, 1912. Jour. Econ. Ent. 5: 335-336. —Stern and Atallah, 1965. Ent. Soc. 

 Amer., Ann. 58: 76-81. —Orphanides and Gonzalez, 1971. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 64: 824-834. 

 semblidis (Aurivillius). Canada and No. U. S.; Europe. Ecology: Insect eggs deposited in 



aquatic or semi-aquatic habitats are parasitized. In nature this species parasitizes the 

 eggs of such insects as Chrysops, Tabanus, Sialis, and Chauliodes that occur in an 

 aquatic habitat. When it is reared in the insectary on such hosts as the eggs of Ephestia 

 the progeny are so different they would be taken for another species were their 

 derivation not known. 

 Oophthora semblidis Aurivillius, 1897. Ent. Tidskr. 18: 253. 9, 6. 



Taxonomy: Quednau, 1960. Biol. Bund fur Land- u. Forstwirtsch., Mitt. 100: 11-50. 

 — Kolomiets, 1962. Akad. Nauk SSSR Sibirskoi Otdel. Biol. Inst., p. 134. —Nagarkatti and 

 Nagaraja, 1971. Bui. Ent. Res. 61: 26-27. 



Biology: Cameron, 1926. Bui. Ent. Res. 17: 38-39. —Salt, 1937. Parasitology 29: 539-553. 

 —Van Steenburgh, 1938. Ent. Soc. Ontario, Ann. Rpt. 69: 74-75. —Salt, 1939 (1938). 

 Parasitology 30: 511-522. — Reid, 1941. Roy. Ent. Soc. London, Trans. 91: 434. -Salt, 1942 

 (1941). Cambridge Phil. Soc, Biol. Rev. 16: 239-264. -Quednau, 1955. Nachr. Deut. 

 Pflanzenschutsdienst. 7: 145-148. —Quednau, 1957. Deut. Ent. Ztschr. (N. F.) 4: 364. 



Morphology: Bouillon, 1949. La Cellule 53: 35-95. 



