NO. 1 hartman: goniadidae, glyceridae, nephtyidae 11 



segments. In some species it may be strongly obcordate (G. armigera 

 Moore); in others it may be merely long and triangular (G. wireni 

 Arwidsson). The notopodial cirrus (=dorsal cirrus of some authors) is 

 usually simple and conical or flattened and foliaceous but sometimes 

 has a sub-distal incision (pi. 7, fig. 15). 



Setae are not greatly diversified. Notosetae are simple and lack 

 articulation. When slender to hairlike they are usually numerous in a 

 fascicle; when thick and acicular they tend to be few in number and 

 more or less deeply embedded, resembling acicula. The tip may be 

 straight or weakly recurved and provided with a conical hood {Gly- 

 cinde). Notosetae are usually pale in color, rarely dusky. Neurosetae 

 are composite and have a distinct articulation. The appendage is usu- 

 ally spinigerous but in species of at least 2 genera it is also falcigerous 

 (pi. 5, fig. 5). The shaft is a cylindrical stalk, widening distally into a 

 ladlelike concavity to accommodate the base of the appendage. It is longest 

 in front (this refers to an arbitrary orientation, indicating the cutting 

 edge of the appendage) and shortest in back (marking the side directly 

 opposite the front). Between the front and back, the sides slope gradu- 

 ally. The mechanical structures of the shaft and appendage are such 

 that they tend to twist the articulation; thus the 2 parts are not to be 

 seen in the same orientation at any one time. 



The disal end of the shaft is usually broad in front and sometimes 

 strikingly serrated (pi. 12, fig. 12) ; it is smoothly excavate or slightly 

 roughened in back. Consequently the shaft tends to lie with either 

 front or back upward. The appendage, however, is knifelike and so 

 constructed that it tends to lie with serrated edge on one side, or blade 

 side up. As a result, the articulation is usually seen, not in lateral, but 

 in three-fourths view. Functionally, the movement of the appendage in 

 the shaft is a rotary-backward one, but the normal position is for these 

 2 parts to lie in a straight line. Illustrations in plates 2 and 6 show 

 normal positions ; those in plates 3 and 4 show the articulation in three- 

 fourths view, or as they are generally seen in slide preparations. These 

 facts are clearly demonstrable when the shaft and appendage are severed 

 from each other. The 2 parts are attached to one another by longitu- 

 dinal fibers that extend through the concavity of the shaft. Sometimes 

 the distal end of the shaft is worn; its edges may then be unnaturally 

 divided. 



The GLYCEREA have sometimes been regarded as predaceous and 

 carnivorous (Ehlers, 1868, Mcintosh, 1910, and others). Stolte (1932, 

 pp. 425-429) however, regards the group as detritus feeding; all food 



