NO. 3 HARTMAN : ORBINIIDAE, APISTOBRANCHIDAE, PARAONIDAE 213 



include those species without antennae and Aricia was retained for A. 

 sertulata, which was presumed to have four antennae. The article suffers 

 from omissions and errors of various kinds; its only original name, 

 Venadis, is best struck from the list of available names, especially since 

 it has been omitted by more recent authors. 



Oersted (1843, p. 35) erected four groups of ARICIAE: they were 

 1) Ariciae verae for Scoloplos, Aricia and Aonis (a spionid), 2) A. 

 naidinae for the presently known Spionidae and Disomidae, 3) A. 

 nerideae for what is now regarded as the Sphaerodoridae, and 4) A. 

 lumbricinae for the Cirratulidae and Opheliidae. Only the A. verae 

 would include the Orbiniidae as known at present. 



Quatrefages (1865, p. 280) followed Audouin and Milne Edwards 

 (1833) in using the family name ARICIEA; he named species in the 

 genera Aricia and Scoloplos; he added the new name Orbinia for Aricia 

 sertulata Savigny and placed Porcia Grube and Anthostoma Schmarda 

 in the same family. The last one now goes to Naineris and Porcia is 

 indeterminable (Eisig, 1914, p. 280). 



Kinberg (1866, pp. 250-252 and 1867, 337) used the family name 

 ARICIEA Audouin and Milne Edwards for six genera, of which five 

 were newly erected. They included Aricia Audouin and Milne Edwards 

 and new genera Alcandra, Phylo, Lacydes, heodamas and Labotas. A 

 new family ANTHOSTOMEA Kinberg (1867, p. 337) was erected 

 for the genus Anthostoma Schmarda. These names have been reviewed 

 (Hartman, 1948b, pp. 11-12). 



Malmgren (1867, p. 203-205) erected the family name ARICI- 

 IDAE; he followed the grouping of Oersted but excluded Aonis. He 

 named species in Aricia (A. cuvieri) , Scoloplos (S. armiger) , and 

 Naineris as Naidonereis (N. quadricuspida) . He noted the resemblance 

 of A. sertulata Savigny to A. cuvieri and observed that Quatrefages had 

 erected Orbinia for the same species. 



Claparede (1870, p. 44) used the family name of Audouin and 

 Milne Edwards and concluded that Orbinia Quatrefages was a dead 

 name since it was proposed to replace Aricia as in A. sertulata Savigny, 

 not as in A. cuvieri. 



Czerniawsky (1881, pp. 368-373) introduced a new system. This 

 brief outline without descriptions or illustrations was based on a theo- 

 retical evaluation of characters that had been earlier established. Most 

 of the new names have remained unknown or unconnected with subse- 

 quent literature. The family ARICIEA included five genera. 1) 

 Orbinia Quatrefages was retained for Aricia sertulata Savigny and 2) 



