NO. 3 BARNARD: THE PHOXOCEPHALIDAE 299 



Phoxocephalus regium K. H. Barnard 



Phoxocephalus regium K. H. Barnard 1930: 331-332, fig. 9a; Hurley 



1954: 594-598, figs. 68-91. 

 Phoxocephalus bassi, Thomson 1902: 463 (not Stebbing 1888, fide 



Hurley 1954). 

 Phoxocephalus kergueleni, Chilton 1909: 618-619 (not Stebbing 1888, 



fide Hurley 1954). 



Diagnosis. — Eyes well developed, bearing lenses; gnathopod 2, 

 article 6 longer than broad; peraeopod 3, article 2 broad; epimera of 

 pleon segment 3 convex behind and scalloped; rami of uropod 1 equal 

 in length; posterior lobe of article 2 of peraeopod 5 expanding ven- 

 trally. 



Distribution. — New Zealand: off Three Kings Islands and Otago 

 Harbour, surface; Snares Islands, dredged at 50 fms. 



Remarks. — In attempting to formulate a key to the genus Phoxo- 

 cephalus it came to my attention that P. regium was so closely related to 

 P. kergueleni (Stebbing 1888: 816, pi. 55) that they could be separated, 

 as now known, only on minor points. 



When K. H. Barnard (1930: 331-332) described P. regium he 

 noted that it was very closely related to another species P. bassi (Steb- 

 bing 1888: 811, pi. 54) in many respects but in the gnathopods it was 

 quite distinct; however, he did not distinguish his species from P. ker- 

 gueleni. In separating P. kergueleni and P. regium I have attempted to 

 find differences other than the gnathopods between P. kergueleni and P. 

 bassi which might, from K. H. Barnard's statements, be useful in dis- 

 tinguishing P. kergueleni and P. regium. Stebbing (1888) figured the 

 toto male of P. bassi and the toto female of P. kergueleni so that eye, 

 antennal and third uropod differences are sexual in nature. Other 

 differences between the two include the following characters in P. 

 kergueleni, the opposites being true for P. bassi. 



1. Outer plate of maxilliped with 3 spines instead of 5. 



2. Peraeopods 1-2 with the distal spine of the posterior edge of 

 article 5 slender. 



3. Peraeopod 3 with article 6 only slightly longer and narrower 

 than article 5 while in P. bassi it is distinctly different from article 5. 



4. Peraeopod 5, article 2 extending to the end of article 4, while in 

 P. bassi it extends scarcely past article 3. 



5. Uropod 1, outer ramus distinctly shorter and narrower than 

 the inner ramus, whereas in P. bassi the two rami are subequal. 



