Ser. MELANOSPERMEiE. ( 37 ) Fam. SP0R0CHN01DE.E. 



Plate CXLIV. 

 ARTHROCLADIA VILLOSA.— Dt^^^^/. 



Gen. Char. — Frond cellular, witli an articulated tubular axis, filiform, cylindrical, 

 jointed externally ; the joints furnished with whorls of delicate branched, arti- 

 culated filaments. Fructification : minute, moniliform pods, the joints of which 

 at maturity are converted into elliptical spores. Name from &p9poy, "a joint," 

 and K\dSos, "a branch." 



Arthrocladia villosa. — Frond capillaceoiis, repeatedly pinnated, with 

 long slender branches. 



Arthrocladia villosa. — Duby, Mem. Ceram. p. 18 (1832) ; /. Aff. Alg. Medit. 

 p. 43 ; Endl. 3rd Suppl. p. 25 ; Kiltz. Phyc. Gen. p. 344 ; Earv. 

 P. B. plate 64; Harv. Man. p. 24; Harv. Syn. p. 23; Atlas, 

 plate 5, fig. 20 ; Harv. N. B. A. part 1, p. 75 ; /. G. Agardh, Sp. Gen. 

 Air/, vol. i. p. 163. 



Elaionema villosum. — BerTc. Glean, p. 49, t. 19, f. 3 (1833); Harv. Man. 

 1st ed. p. 28. 



Sporochnus villosus. — Ag. Sp. Alg. vol. i. p. 155; Ag. Syst. p. 260 ; Gi-ev. Alg. 

 Brit. p. 42 ; Hook. Br. Fl. vol. ii. p. 274 ; Wyatt, Alg. Danm. 

 No. 105 ; Harv. in Mack. Fl. Hih. part 3, p. 173. 



Conferva villosa. — Huds. Fl. Angl. p. 603 ; With. Br. PI. vol. iv. p. 141 ; 

 E. Bot. t. 546 ; Billw. Conf. t. 37 ; Roth, Cai. Bot. vol. iii. p. 314. 



Hab. — On rocks, stones, shells, &c., in four to eight fathoms water. Eather rare. 

 Annual. Summer and autumn. Southern coasts of England, not uncommon. Yarmouth 

 {Turner) ; Anglesea {Rev. H. JDavies) ; Frith of Forth {Mr. Hassell) ; Arthdur {Capt. 

 Carmichael) ; Cumbraes {Major Martin) ; Wicklow {Dr. Harvey) ; Malahide and 

 Carrickfergus {Mr. 3f'Calla) ; Jersey {Misses White and Turner). 



Geogr. Dist. — Atlantic shores of Europe ; Baltic and Mediterranean Seas. 



Description. — Root, a minute disc. Frond "several from the same 

 base," six to ten inches or more in length, capillaceous, bi-tripinnate, 

 with opposite long slender patent branches, everywhere furnished with 

 minute somewhat swollen joints, at a distance of nearly a line from each 

 other, and these are furnished with whorls of from five to seven very 

 delicate, repeatedly pinnated, byssoid, articulated, leaf-like branches. 

 The structure of the frond itself is cellular, permeated by a rather wide 

 tubular axis with very short joints, two to three times broader than 

 long, and four or five of which are included within each of the external 

 nodes ; the cells next the axis are large, interspersed with smaller ones, 



