NO. 9 cuckler: nematode parasites 155 



the bulb and the corpus of the esophagus. The bulb possesses the usual 

 valvular structures. The length of the esophagus including the bulb 

 varies from 0.252 to 0.371 (average 0.315) mm. in the male, by 0.011 

 to 0.019 mm. in width; the esophagus length in the female varies from 

 0.280 to 0.601 (average 0.375) mm. by 0.017 to 0.024 mm. in width. 

 The anterior end of the intestine is slightly enlarged where it joins the 

 esophageal bulb. The diameter of this region is about 0.044 mm. in 

 the male and 0.065 mm. in the female. 



The excretory pore is ventral and postbulbar, averaging 0.408 mm. 

 in the male and 0.522 mm. in the female from the anterior end. The 

 excretory pore is situated near the center of the excretory vesicle, which 

 is oval in shape and 0.034 mm. in length. The excretory canals may be 

 traced from the lateral line areas to the vesicle. The nerve ring encircles 

 the esophagus at a point 0.106 mm. in the male and 0.116 mm. in the 

 female from the anterior end. 



Male: The tail is 0.202 mm. long, about one seventh of the body 

 length. The male reproductive organs consist of a single testis, the an- 

 terior end of which is coiled on itself at the anterior of the intestine, 

 and a slightly enlarged seminal vesicle which communicates with the 

 cloaca. There is a single sharply pointed spicule (fig. 32) varying from 

 0.056 to 0.075 (average 0.065) mm. in length. A V-shaped accessory 

 piece is present, which measures 0.018 mm. in length. 



There are four pairs of genital papillae (figs. 32 and 33). Three 

 pairs of the papillae are precloacal and pedunculated ; two pairs of these 

 seem to arise from common stalks, forming a double papilla on each 

 side. The other pair of precloacal papillae arises from independent, 

 elongated peduncles which are lateral and dorsal to the double papillae. 

 The fourth pair of papillae is caudal in position, arising 0.040 mm. 

 posterior to the cloacal aperture, and their long stalks support the caudal 

 alae. The caudal alae are wide and well developed. Anteriorly the alae 

 arise from the cloacal region and extend posterior to the caudal papillae. 

 There are cuticular bands in the cloacal region, both ventrally and 

 dorsally, extending from one side of the body to the other. 



Female: The tail is relatively long, measuring 0.723 mm., about 

 one fourth of the entire body length. The vulva is anterior to the middle 

 of the body, varying from 0.805 to 1.701 (average 1.160) mm. from 

 the anterior end. The vagina, about 0.372 mm. long, connects with 

 the vulva obliquely; it is directed anteriorly and then curves posteriorly 

 to connect with the ovejector which terminates in a bulb. The ovejector 



