114 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL.2 



tudinal rows are smaller and better marked in urospilus, and there are 

 more rows. The caudal base has the lower spot very intense and the 

 upper very faint, while in glaucofrenum both spots are of equal intensity 

 in color. 



Lythrypnus pulchellus, new species 



Description. — Form moderately elongate, head and body well com- 

 pressed. Mouth small, oblique, subsuperior, a horizontal through distal 

 margin of upper lip approximately bisecting eye; lower jaw projecting. 

 Maxillary short, its posterior end approximately under anterior margin 

 of pupil. Tongue entire, narrow. Outer row of teeth in both jaws 

 enlarged, approaching caninoids in size, widely spaced ; inner teeth 

 minute, in a narrow band. Shoulder girdle without papillae. No ridge 

 or crest in front of dorsal. Isthmus moderate, attachment of gill mem- 

 brane on a vertical approximately setting off anterior third of opercle. 

 Scales ctenoid, about 28 ; none on antedorsal distance, side of head, base 

 of pectoral, throat or midline of belly (many scales missing in type and 

 nearly all missing in the three paratypes, and above description subject 

 to correction). First dorsal with 6 flexible spines (in all 4 specimens) ; 

 the first spine notably prolonged in large male, more moderate in 

 smaller (to base of ninth ray in a male 22 mm, to base of third in a 

 male 18 mm); second spine more moderately prolonged (reaching to 

 base of fourth ray in 2 males 19 and 22 mm, to base of first ray in a 

 male 18 mm) ; the first two spines not notably prolonged in female (25 

 mm). Dorsal raj^s usually 13 (in 3), sometimes 12 (in 1); anal rays 

 10 (in all 4) ; posterior rays falling more or less short of a vertical 

 through end of hypural, those of dorsal usually extending slightly 

 farther back than those of anal ; in both fins a little longer in male 

 than in female. Pectoral with 18 (in 1 ) or 19 (in 3) rays, all connected 

 by membrane, its tip reaching a vertical through base of second to fourth 

 dorsal ray. Ventral having the interspinal membrane of medium develop- 

 ment, tip of fin reaching vent or origin of anal. Caudal short, rounded. 

 Anal papilla of male rather well developed. 



Body and head cross-banded; 12-13 bands from origin of first dorsal 

 to base of caudal; the bands narrower than the interspaces, the two 

 sharply delimited except sometimes posterior ones on caudal peduncle; 

 each band having a transverse, median, dark streak; interspaces nearly 

 uniformly colored, except sometimes those on caudal peduncle; a similar 

 band over base of pectoral continued around back from one side to the 



