160 Bulletin 190. 



the caterpillar lives, feeding upon the leaf and often joining other 

 leaves to it ; some badly eaten leaves are shown at d in figure 35. 

 Sometimes the caterpillar forms a similar protection by drawing 

 together the blossoms and forming fruits which it eats, as shown at 

 c in figure 35 ; fortunately the caterpillars work mostly on the 

 leaves. 



Its life-stopy. — AVhen we saw the insecfs work on June 5th, 

 most of the caterpillars were then from one-half to full grown, and 

 we saw no other stao^e of the insect in the field. A full-pjrown cater- 

 pillar is well illustrated in figure 36. It is of an olive-green color 

 with a light Ijrown head and thoracic shield, ])otli marked with 

 black ; the body is sparsely clothed with light-colored hairs arising 

 from pale, roughened tubercles, as is well shown in the figure.^ 

 The caterpillars are active creatures, quickly wriggling out of their 

 leafv home when touched. 



We brought niany of this spring brood of caterpillars to the 

 insectary and bred the insect through the rest of the season in our 

 cages. 



By June 6th several of the caterpillars had transformed in their 

 leafy homes Vo jyupm^ that quiescent stage in their lives when they 

 are made over into the adult insect. The general characteristics of 

 the pupa are well shown in figure 37. They are from 13' to 15 mil- 

 limeters (little more than half an inch) in length and of a dark 

 brown color, darker on the dorsum. f This pupa stage lasted about 

 ten days in June, so that by June 15tli we found that some of the 

 adult insects had emerged, and others continued to appear in our 

 cages until July 5th. 



The characteristic form, size and markings of the pretty little 

 brown moths or adults are well brouo-ht out in fio^ures 39 and 40. 



* The five pairs of prolegs are concolorous with the body, while the true legs 

 are blackish. The posterior border of the head is marked with four v-shaped 

 blackish spots, and the thoracic shield is marked with a blackish border, some- 

 times so wide as to nearly cover the shield. 



f The pupa is sparsely hairy, mostly on the venter o : the abdomen. Two rows 

 of short, spiny teeth cross the dorsum of the abdominal segments, as shown on 

 side view of pupa in figure 37. The tip of the abdomen bears four slender 

 hooked or curved spines, and on each side not very near the tip are two more 

 similar, curved spines or booklets. 



