176 Bulletin 190. 



on tlie under sides of the leaves and, like plant-lice, secrete large 

 quantities of the sticky, sweet liquid called "honey-dew;" in this 

 lionej-dew a black, sooty mold often grows, and thus gives the 

 leaves a l)lack, smutty appearance. 



We have found but few records* of " wdiite-ilies " attacking straw- 

 l)erries and none indicate as serious injury as our correspondents 

 report in southeastern New York. 



Remedial measures. — It will not be an easy matter to control 

 these " white ilies" in strawberry patches or lields, 'for they are 

 suckinir insects, hence must be hit with a si^ray, and thev also 

 work entirely on the under sides of the leaves where it will be 

 difiicult to hit them. A spray of kerosene emulsion, kero-water (10 

 per cent kerosene), or whale-oil soap (1 pound dissolved in 5 gallons 

 water) will doubtless kill all of the nymphs or adults which it hits; 

 probably the eggs would not succumb to such a spray, hence sev- 

 eral applications at intervals of 10 days w^ould be necessary. Use 

 ijn underspray nozzle (nozzle on tube bent at a right angle) so as 

 to direct the spray onto the under sides of the leaves. Young 

 plants taken from infested beds or those showing any indications of 

 being infested with these "white-flies" should be thoroughly fumi- 

 gated with carbon bisulphide or hydrocyanic acid gas before setting 

 them. 



* 1889. Packard. Guide to Insects, 712. Found on strawberry at Amherst, 

 Mass. ' 



1891. Gorman. Agr. Science, V., 264, Same account in An. Rept. Ky. 

 Expt. Sta. for 1890, p. 37-38. Numerous on strawberry at Lexington, Ky. 



1892. Riley. Insect Life, V., 17. Found on strawberry in Dist. of Columbia. 



1893. Webster. An. Rept. Ohio Expt. Sta., p. xxxv. Very numerous on 

 strawberry, but no serious injury resulted. 



