6 



There are two s^eneral plans of planting : in squares and in quin- 

 cunx. The latter plan places five plants in each square. That is, 

 in addition to the trees forming the corners of the square, one is set 

 in tlie center of each square. 



TTow the plantation shall be laid out is a matter which in a meas- 

 ure must be governed by conditions. The usual method finds first 

 a reliable base line ; then the boundary stakes are set at right angles. 

 These" stakes mark the rows, but should be outside of the first row 

 of trees so that they will not be interfered with in digging the holes, 

 and will be available for lining-in the trees. Lines or planting 

 boards may be used. On small level areas a corn marker is service- 

 able. For full directions regarding methods, see Principles of 

 Fruit-Growing, Bailey. 



Planting. — How far apart shall we set trees ? This is largely a 

 personal question depending on the aims and ideals of the orchardist. 

 With double planting or mixed planting — that is, when different 

 classes of fruits, as cherries, peaches and apples, are mixed in the 

 same orchard, — the ground can be very thoroughly utilized from 

 the outset. The early bearing kinds are expected to pay for the 

 cost of cultivation and rent of land while the slow bearers are pre- 

 paring to begin work. 



The following maximum distances are generally recommended 

 for the leading classes of fruits. (See " Principles of Fruit-Grow- 

 ing," page 240.) 



Apples, 40 feet each way. 



Apples, dwarf, 10 to 15 feet. 



Pears, standard, 20 to 25 feet. 



Pears, dwarf, 12 feet to 1 rod. 



Quinces, 1 rod. 



Peaches and nectarines, 20 feet. 



Paspberries, 3 x to 5 x 8 feet. 



Strawberries, 1 x 3 or 4 feet. 



Plums, 20 feet. 



Apricots, 20 feet. 



Cherries, sour, 20 feet. , 



Cherries, sweet, 30 feet. 



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