gS Bulletin 142. 



the vvOt"m are shown in the enlarged figure 127. It can always be 

 distinguished from the grubs of the plum curculio, which are often 

 found in apples, by the presence of distinct legs, three pairs of true 

 legs and live pairs of false or pro- legs. The head is brown in color, 

 and the first thoracic and anal segments each bear a similarly colored 

 shield. The body bears a few short hairs arising from small, often 

 indistinct, blackish spots. These [)iliferous spots .are often very 

 distinct on the young worms, as is shown in figure 132. 



The adult insect or codling-moth. — If no mishap occurs, each of 

 these little caterpillars just described develops into the adult insect — a 

 moth. Although such an exceedingly common and important insect 

 pest, there is doubtless not one fruit-grower in ten who has ever seen 

 the parent insect — the moth. It is a beautilul little creature whose 

 front wings, when seen at a little distance, have somewhat the appear- 

 ance of brown watered silk ; Avhen closely examined, they will be seen 

 to be crossed by numerous gray and brown lines of scales, scalloped 

 something like the plumage of a bird. Near the hind angle of each 

 front wing there is a large dark brown spot marked with streaks of 

 bronze or gold. The hind wings are of a lighter greyish brown color, 

 darker toward the outer margin. The pictures of this moth (all of 

 which are natural size, except two which are twice natural size) in 

 figure 128 give one but a faint idea of the artistic beauty of this 

 pretty creature. An artist who once painted for us a picture of this 

 moth thoroughly appreciated the beautiful coloring \vith which 

 nature has endowed it. As is shown in the lower group of figure 12S, 

 the moth varies considerably in size and general coloring; the moth 

 in the center of this part of the figure is represented at rest, and 

 shows how nicely the markings on the front wings match when the 

 wings arc folded, thus giving the insect c]uite a different appearance. 

 The peculiar coloring and especially the habits (discussed further on) 

 of these pretty little moths, largely explain why our fruit-growers are 

 not familiar with the parents of one of their worst insect foes. 



H oil' tJic male and feiJiale moths may be distinguished. — There are at 

 least two characteristics by which ihe sexes ( f the atliilt insect may be quite 

 readily distinguished. One of these was discovered by Zellcr in 1870, and 

 is shown, much enlarged, in figure 129.^ It consists of a narrow pencil of 

 rather long black hairs situated in a slight furrow on the upper surface of 



