ii6 



Bulletin 142. 



How the Second Brood Works. 



Doubtless the eggs of the second brood, like those of the first, are 

 laid anywhere it happens on the fruit or possibly on the leaves, but 

 not so many of the young worms enter the fruit at the blossom- 

 end, many of them entering at other points. Instead of making 

 their way to the core soon after entering, many of the worms of the 

 second brood seem to feed for some little time in the flesh just beneath 

 the skin near the point where they entered, forming there a shallow 



mine. This re- 

 sults in a large 

 wormy spot 

 which greatly 

 disfigures the 

 fruit, as shown 

 on the two 

 lower apples in 

 figure 137; 

 often a leaf 

 may be fasten- 

 ed down to the 

 fruit over the 

 spot, as shown 

 on one of the 

 apples. In 

 1896 there was 

 m 11 c h com- 

 plaint fro m 

 New Y o r k 

 apple- growers on account of so much of their fruit having these wormy 

 spots on them late in the season ; most growers did not realize that it 

 was the work of their old enemy, the codling-moth. Perhaps the more 

 common method of work of this second brood, however, in many 

 localities, is shown on the upper apple in figure 137. That is, the 

 worm enters the blossom-end, but instead of soon making its way to 

 the core it extends its feeding grounds out into the fruit around the 

 calyx, forming a shallow mine just under the skin. Sometimes 

 the flesh is thus mined out for a distance of half an inch fram the 



137. — ]Vo)iuv spots made by the second biooJ 0/ apple^'vornis, 

 half natural size. 



