150 Bulletin 142. 



1841. Harris. Insects of Massachusetts, pp. 351-355. (In the editions 

 of 1852 and 1862 no change occurs.) Very good general account. 

 Only one brood indicated. 



1843. Gaylord. Trans. N. Y. State Agr. Sec, p. 158. Brief account 

 with Wcstwood's figure. Recommends allowing swine to run in 

 orchard. Insect then common in New England, but very rare in the 

 Middle States. 



1844. Low. Schadliche Insecten, pp. 239-241. Largely a compilation 

 from Roesel, with good discussion of remedies. 



1845. Downing. Fruits and Fruit-trees, p. 66. Brief account. 



1846. Morris, Miss. ("Old Lady"). American Agriculturist, Vol. V., 

 February, pp. 65-66. Good account, with original observations, and 

 illustrated by what is probably the first original figure of the insect to 

 appear in American literature. 



1849. Cole. American Fruit Book, p. 89. Brief account. Reports it 

 numerous in New England and along the seaboard, and becoming 

 more common in the Middle States. 



185.0. Simpson. The Horticulturist, Vol. IV., p. 567. Brief account of 

 breeding experiments. Two or three broods indicated. Discovered 

 that a cloth in the crotch enticed many worms, and after experiments 

 with wax, recommends that trees be sprayed with whitewash to fill 

 blossom-end of fruits and thus prevent egg-laying at this point. 



1855. Nordlinger. Kleinen Feinde der Landwirthschaft, pp. 339-346. 

 One of the best and most complete accounts which have appeared in 

 the German literature. Very good discussion of remedies. Believes 

 it is single-brooded in Germany. 



1859. Jaeger. The Life of N. Am. Insects, pp. 1 79-181. Brief, quaint 

 account. 



1 86 1. Goreau. Insects Nuis. aux Arbres Fruiters, pp. 118-121. Very 

 good general account. One brood in France. 



1865. Trimble. Treatise on the Insect Enemies of Fruit and Fruit Trees, 

 pp. 103-139. Three full-page colored plates. One of the best 

 accounts in the American literature. Detailed notes on birds as ene- 

 mies of the insect ; ''hay-bands " devised and experiments recorded. 

 Bred two broods at Newark, N. J. 



1867. Boisduval. Essai sur L'Entomologie Horticole, pp. 560-563. 

 Fairly good general account. One brood. 



1868. Walsh. Report on Insects of Illinois, pp. 27-29. Arguments for 

 two broods in Illinois. 



1868. Walsh and Riley. American Entomologist, Vol. I., pp. 3-6. 

 Evidence in favor of allowing hogs to run in orchards. 



