276 Bulletin 145. 



began during August, and on September 2 the unsprayed trees were 

 about one half defoliated ; but detailed notes of this date will not be 

 given, since those of October 5, some time previous to the autumn 

 frosts, will show better the final status of the protection rendered. 



Row I, very slightly affected. Leaves green and fresh. 



Row 2, same as i. 



Row 3, almost no indication of spot. Leaves remarkably healthy. 



Row 4, about the same as 3. 



Row 4 and 5, affected by the spot to considerable extent, but almost 

 no defoliation by September i. Badly spotted and slightly defoliated 

 on October 5. 



Rows 7 and q, badly defoliated. 



Row 10, slighc attack throughout, Seckels showing more injury. 



Row 1 1, badly spotted, about as in 5 and 6. 



Row 12, injured throughout, but not so much as row ir. 



At this time, and even earlier, the difference between the check 

 rows and certain of the sprayed rows was so evident as to be noticed 

 at considerable distance. The sprayed trees maintained their leaves 

 well, and the earliest autumn winds were not sufficient to jar them off. 

 This became so evident late in October, that Mr. Wiley further 

 emphasized my earlier observations by writing me : " The trees you 

 sprayed (that is, the fruiting pear trees) have retained their leaves 

 most remarkably, while the others are now all defoliated." 



Figure 159 shows, in the center, .rows 3 and 4 sprayed with Bor- 

 deaux; and on the right, rows i and 2, sprayed with ammoniacal 

 copper carbonate. 



Figure 160, at the center, gives comparison between the check, on 

 the right, and three sprayings with ammoniacal copper carbonate on 

 the left. 



Summarizing the spraying experiments, it is well to suggest that 

 three sprayings with Bordeaux gave almost perfect protection against 

 the leaf-spot. This spot may probably be quite effectually treated by 

 the usual treatments given for pear scab. Where the codling-moth, 

 but not the scab, prevails, the first treatment may be made in con- 

 junction with the Paris green application, immediately after the petals 

 fall, and two subsequent sprayings at intervals of two or more weeks, 

 if thoroughly done, would secure protection throughout the season, 

 it appears. My observations have been, moreover, that neglected 



