COMMERCIAL USES OF THE WHITE ELM 



267 



ICLII USI-U FOR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS 



Elm stands sixth in point of quantity among the woods used in the 

 manufacture of musical instruments, a total of over 15,500,00 board 

 feet being required by this industry. It is required for various 

 purposes and is particularly adaptable for being work. The accom- 

 panying photograph shows an elm log being cut up into bolts pre- 

 paratory to its manufacture into banjo rims. 



Stable fittings, especially as floors, mangers and 

 stanchions. It finds a place as henroosts in poultry yards, 

 and when reduced to rods and dowels of small size it is 

 utilized in making coops. It is likewise listed as ma- 

 terial in the manufacture of brooders and incubators. 



Makers of wooden pumps have places for elm. It is 

 good for handles and sucker rods, and is placed as floor- 

 ing over wells where pumps are employed. In kitchens 

 and pantries it is regarded as very good wood for drain 

 boards, because it is easily kept clean. Makers of ice 

 boxes like it for its good, scrubbing qualities, and this 

 consideration, as well as its wearing qualities in water, 

 makes it popular material for parts of washing machines, 

 washboards and wash benches. 



In the manufacture of agricultural tools and implements 

 it goes into cultivators, seed boxes, root cutters, potato 

 diggers, sieve frames, bushel measures, riddle rims, and 

 horse powers. Car builders make grain doors of it and 

 it enters into dififerent parts of freight cars. 



Considerable quantities of elm are used by makers of 

 trunks, chiefly as slats for the outside and three-ply ve- 

 neer for the inside. Few woods are considered equal to 

 elm for trunk veneer, woodenware makers draw sup- 

 plies from this wood for ironing boards, sleeve boards, 

 sign boards, and it is likewise worked into brush backs, 

 game boards and apparatus of various kinds, stepladders, 

 merry-go-rounds, music cabinets, picture molding, tele- 

 phone accessories, parts of various musical instruments, 

 including pianos, organs, and banjos, cant hook handles, 

 pulpits, croquet sets, roll paper cutters, tanner's liquor 

 logs, shoe heels, and printers' supplies. These indicate 

 tlie wide range of elm's uses in the wood-consuming 

 industries. 



YALE SUMMER CAMP 



THE Yale School of Forestry has announced that 

 a summer camp for young men will be held at Mil- 

 ford, Pike County, Pa., for eight weeks beginning 

 July 1, 191'"). The course is designed to give a clear view 



of forestry in a general way, its ideals, and the qualifica- 

 tions and requirements of a student in technical forestry. 

 It has been particularly planned to meet the needs of 

 young men who are looking toward forestry as a pos- 

 sible profession, but who are uncertain as to their fitness 

 for the work and who are not prepared to begin the 

 technical training necessary for professional standing. It 

 is also designed for those who are not contemplating 

 forestry as a profession but who are interested in wood- 

 craft and wild life and who wish to learn something of 

 the broader aspects of forestry. In addition to the 

 regular course prominent lecturers on wild life and 

 other subjects allied to forestry will address the students 

 at the weekly camp fires. 



FOREST FIGHTING EQUIPMENT 



MUTOR cars equipped with fire extinguishers will 

 be operated by the Boston & Maine Railroad on 

 the Portland division this spring and summer 

 to guard the forests along the lines from fires. Mem- 

 bers of the fire patrol squad will be trained men, con- 

 versant with local conditions and the topography of the 

 woodlands they are protecting. The motor cars will 

 have in addition to patent fire extinguishers, pail, shovel, 

 hoe, etc., for fighting grass as well as wood fires. The 

 railroad officials believe they can save thousands of dol- 

 lars in this way. In the past fires caused by locomotive 

 sparks have burned into adjoining timberlands and 

 caused serious loss before they were discovered and re- 

 ported to the railroad men, while the railroad, of course, 

 is responsible for the damage. The motor cars are built 

 to travel over the rails as fast as an express train. If 

 a patrol discovers a fire which he cannot extinguish un- 

 aided, he is expected to race to the nearest telegraph 

 office to summon aid. The section gang of this division 

 are also being organized as an adjunct of the fire patrol 

 system. 



MONUMENT TO A TREE 



PERHAPS one of the most curious monuments in 

 existence has recently been built in Ontario by 

 Canadians, says the Popular Science Monthly. The 

 farmers have just erected a marble pillar to mark the site 

 on which grew a famous apple tree. 



More than a century ago a settler in Canada named 

 Mcintosh, when clearing a space in which to make a home 

 in the wilderness, discovered among a number of wild 

 apple trees one which bore fruit so well that he cultivated 

 it and named it Mcintosh Red. 



The apple became famous ; seeds and cuttings were dis- 

 tributed to all parts of Canada, so that now the Mcintosh 

 Red flourishes wherever apples grow in the great Do- 

 minion. In 1896 the original tree from which this 

 enormous family sprang was injured by fire, but it con- 

 tinued to bear fruit until five years ago. Then, after 

 fifteen years, it died, and the grateful farmers have raised 

 a marble pillar in honor of the tree which did so much 

 for the fruit-growing industry of their land. 



The story of this apple tree illustrates the African 

 proverb that though you can count the apples on one tree, 

 yon can ne\'er count the trees in one apple. 



