274 CARNEGIE INSTITUTION OF WASHINGTON. 



Van Deman, Esther B., Rome, Italy. Associate in Roman Archceology. 

 (For previous reports see Year Books Nos. 9-15, 20, 21.) 



The year has been wholly spent in the publication of the first three of the 

 series of papers dealing with the structural history of the more important 

 monuments studied during the last ten years, especially those of the Forum, 

 Sacra Via, and Palatine. Owing to the mass of material on hand, it was 

 found necessary, in the three articles now completed, to limit the pubhcation 

 at this time to a full description and special plan of the remains of the most 

 important of the new periods so far determined, which may serve as a point 

 of reference, or datum, in later investigations, with a brief review only of the 

 other periods. The first quarter of the year was devoted to the paper on the 

 Forum of the period of Sulla,^ the discovery of which was noted in the pre- 

 vious report. In connection with this discussion, a brief resume was given of 

 the levels and orientation of the Forum at the various periods, with a plan 

 of the four greater levels, two of which have not been recognized as such. 

 The remains of several new monuments built or rebuilt in the Sullan period 

 were discovered or identified, the most interesting of which are the Grse- 

 costasis, the fornix Fabianus, the Lacus Servihus, and a possible porticus 

 in front of the tabernce Novce on the north. A few scanty remains were found 

 also of the first permanent pavement of the Forum area, which was the work 

 of Sulla. The second paper, to which the following four months were given, 

 consisted of a discussion of the region of the Sacra Via of the later Neronian 

 period,^ with a resume of the earher periods, especially with respect to their 

 level and orientation. Following the general lines of the great work of the 

 School of Engineers of the University of Rome, a new plan of the whole 

 region was made to serve as a basis for all future pubHcations. In addition 

 to the extensive remains of the Sullan period already reported, the more 

 important of the pre-Neronian monuments discovered or identified are the 

 temple of the Penates on the via leading to the Carinae and an Augustan arch 

 in front of the domus Augustana on the Palatine, the remains of which have 

 been assigned to the period of Domitian. Extensive new remains of the 

 following periods of Domitian, Hadrian, and the Severans were also identified 

 and partly classified for a later paper. The later months of the year were 

 devoted to the completion for publication of a paper on the palace of Caligula 

 at the northwest corner of the Palatine, by which he united it to the Forum 

 below. 



In connection with the more intensive examination of the remains under 

 consideration rendered necessary by their publication, a considerable body 

 of new material has been collected for the more general work on the methods 

 of construction. In the main this material consists of the remains of a 

 number of new dated monuments of the periods of Sulla, Juhus Caesar, Augus- 

 tus, and Hadrian, in addition to the vast structures of Nero, Caligula, and 

 the Severans. 



Many thanks are due to the American Academy in Rome, not only for the 

 use of their hbrary, but especially for the valuable assistance rendered 

 during the year by the various members of the staff. A number of investi- 

 gations have been undertaken by members of the School of Classical 



^ The Sullan Forum, Jour, of Roman Studies, xii (London), pp. 1-31, plans I-II and plates. 

 * The Neronian Sacra Via, Amer. Jour, of Archaeology, 1923, 4, with 2 plates. 



