ARCHEOLOGY. 275 



Studies, under the direction of the professors, which promise valuable help in 

 the classification of certain monuments. 



The list of monuments accepted as being dated after examination of the 

 whole mass of evidence, both external and internal, was in part published in 

 1912 in the American Journal of Archaeology under the title "Methods of 

 Determining the Date of Roman Concrete Monuments." Since then the list 

 of uncertain monuments has been reduced to a very small group and many 

 undated monuments have been identified, affording much additional material 

 for the scientific chronology of Roman monuments and the creation of a 

 critical canon of construction. This material is in large part being prepared 

 for publication in the "Handbook of Roman Construction," which will soon 

 appear. 



In the compilation of the new chronological list of dated monuments from 

 which the canon of construction is to be drawn for the dating of the extensive 

 and fast-vanishing remains in concrete, the external evidence for which is 

 lacking or incomplete, a fixed method of procedure has gradually been 

 developed. The University of Rome, as well as the various schools of 

 archseology, now require, in all research work concerning the monuments, a 

 knowledge of this method, which provides for the analysis of the monuments 

 according to the core of their structure and according to their facings. 



In order to show a little of the range and extent of the analysis of the monu- 

 ments already completed, the following list has been added, giving a part of 

 the meaurements made for determining the types of brick facing. For each 

 monument- ten groups of typical bricks of ten each in unrestored parts of 

 the structure have been examined and listed for length and thickness, width 

 of the horizontal and vertical joints of mortar between them, color, com- 

 position, fineness of texture, puddling, etc. Where possible, ten monuments 

 of a period are included as the basis for final conclusions in the canon of 

 construction. 



No. of 

 measure- 

 ments. 



Augustus: Rostra Augusti, Domus Publica, tomb of Csecilia Metella 300 



Tiberius: Castra Praetoria, tower at Capri 200 



Caligula : Domus Caligulae 100 



Claudius: Aqua Claudia and anio Novus, port of Ostia 200 



Nero: Atrium Vesta- (200), shops on north of same, arcus Neroniani, Palatine (300), 



temple of Claudius, port at Antium (also many monuments measured from 



Pompeii, Ostia, etc) 1,000 



Vespasian; Colosseum, aqueducts 200 



Titus: Temple of Vespasian, porticus of Dei Consentes, aqua Marcia and aqua 



Claudia 200 



Domitian" So-called Temple of Augustus, Domus Tiberiana, stadium, aqueduct to 



Palatine, aqua Claudia, and anio Novus, villa at castel Gandolfo 800 



Trajan: Thermae, forum, aqueduct, thermae of Sura, amphitheatrum Castrense 



(Port of Ostia and work at Beneventum not used for canon but completed) . . 500 

 Hadrian: Tomb, pantheon, domus Tiberiana, Nova Via, and ramp. Sacra Via, atrium 



Vestaj, domus Augustana, porticus belonging to the Colosseum, aqueducts 



(500), villa, temple of Venus and Roma 1 , 500 



Antonines: Atrium Vesta?, thermal at Ostia 100 



Severans: Atrium Vestse, arcus Neroniani, stadium, palace on the Palatine, thermae 



of Caracalla (200), aqua Claudia and anio Novu8 (200), aqua Alexandrina, 



Colosseum 1 , 000 



Aurelian: Thermae of Caracalla, wall 100 



Diocletian: Thermae, curia 200 



Maxentius: Basilica, temple of Venus and Roma, so-called temple of Romulus, 



arcus 400 



6.800 



