+30 FETCH : 



not more than 10 /^ or absent altogether. But on old ex- 

 amples, after the conidia have been extruded, the pyenidial 

 orifices form circular openings, about 0*25 mm. in diameter, 

 with an upturned edge : tliese make the stromata rough. 

 Specimens with projecting ostiola resemble MoUer's Fig. 51, 

 Hypocrella Gartneriana (Phycomyceten und Ascomyceten). 



The perithecia are flask-shaped, 400 to 500 h deep (including 

 the neck) and about 250 fj- diameter : they are situated all 

 over the stroma at various depths, but always near the peri- 

 phery. In the younger stromata they are found only near 

 the base. The pycnidia are variable ; in large specimens 

 they form irregular tubes about 0*2 mm. wide, sometimes 

 forked, often with lateral cavities, descending into the stroma 

 for a length of 2 mm., or often almost to its base ; in young 

 specimens they have the same general character, but are 

 shorter, though some are flask-shaped and others , vertically 

 compressed. In old stromata the black coloration extends 

 down the pyenidial tube. The conidia are fusiform, with 

 pointed ends, often guttulate, and measure 7-13 X 1 ',5-2 M ; 

 there are no paraphyses in the pycnidia. The asci are narrow- 

 clavate, 170-180 x 8 ^, with a truncate thickened apex 

 penetrated by a narrow axial canal, and contain eight hnear, 

 somewhat spirally-arranged spores which break up into oblong 

 sporules, 6-8 x 1 ' 5-2 /j. As a rule, the stroma forms pycnidia 

 first, and then perithecia, but some large stromata appear to 

 bear perithecia onty. 



MoUer's Hypocrella Gartneriana agrees with the present 

 species in the size of its spores and its colour, but it differs in 

 being more lobed, and in having only four primary spores in 

 the ascus, though MoUer appears to be doubtful about the 

 latter point ; it seems most probable that it is the same 

 species. It is impossible to deduce any conclusions from the 

 descriptions of other species. In very few cases is the scale 

 insect recorded, and in most cases the ascus spores were 

 evidently not mature. When the colour and shape vary so 

 greatly, it is unsafe to establish species on small collections, and 

 it may be found that the species of scale insect on which the 

 fungus grows affords a more reliable determination than either 

 of these two cliaracters. It would certainly be surprising 



