Lawson: Membracid.e of Kansas. 39 



not always hold in tlu' members of these genera as the latter are now 

 constituted. Thus, while in Stictocephala festina the above-men- 

 tioned condition holds good, it is not true of S. lutea, for the latter 

 possesses styles just as long and pointed as in several members of 

 Ceresa, notably C. bubalus. 



As in the Cicadellida>, the stvles are united bv a small sclerite, 

 whicii \-aries in shape in the various genera and species, but is 

 always of the same shape within the species. This sclerite the 

 writer has called the "style-oedagus connective," or more simply, 

 the "connective.'' The former name shows its usual function in the 

 leaf hoppers, for usually it unites not only the two styles, but at its 

 distal end is united to the base of the cedagus. This condition pre- 

 vails in all the tree hoppers thus far examined. Its relation to the 

 styles, however, is apparently different in the two families, for in 

 the leaf hoppers each style sends out a distinct chitinous process to 

 which it is fastened, while in the tree hoppers this chitinous process 

 is not usually present, but rather each style, at the point of attach- 

 ment to the connective, gives off a dorsal membranous fold which 

 unites with the connective, the two folds appearing heart-shaped 

 basally when viewed from above. 



In all the species so far examined the connective appears as a 

 rather thin, usually fiat sclerite, frequently showing a distinct tend- 

 ency to fold longitudinally along a median keel, thus drawing the 

 two styles closer together. It is usually quite small, but in some 

 forms, notably Ceresa borealis, it is well developed. 



The writer has not tried to determine the morphological status of 

 the connective. Kornhauser calls it the ninth sternite. Funkhouser 

 does not mention it, but feels that the last sternal plate or the valves 

 are the ninth sternite. That it is a sternite cannot be doubted, and 

 the writer hopes to discuss its exact position in a later paper on the 

 genitalia of the Homoptera-Auchenorhynchi. 



The cedagus, or perns sheath, seen laterally, is usually a V-shaped 

 organ, the mouth of the V looking caudad or dorsad. The anterior 

 or dorsal arm extends up to the base of the anal tube, the latter 

 always being fastened to it, usually at a slight excision near its 

 apex. As far as our present studies go, the shape of this arm seems 

 to vary more or less even wathin the species, sometimes being rather 

 narrow and straight, then changing till it is frequently quite broad 

 and variously bent. The lower or posterior arm is the penis sheath 

 proper. The penis enters it just above the usual basal angle by 

 which the cedagus is united to the connective. This basal angle may 



