264 The University Science Bulletin. 



about twelve on the ventral edge of the longer valve; area of ducts incon- 

 spicuous, ducts invisible except for openings; open in apex and along basal 

 shaft. 



- Erythroneiirn vulnerata Fitch. 



(PI. XXXIII, fig. !».) 



Length, 0.8 mm.; grratett width, 0.06 mm. Narrow and rodlike, apical 

 toothed portion only slightly wider than basal shaft, tapers caudad to apex; 

 distinctly curved, tij) narrowed, extreme ajiex rounded, chitinization moder- 

 ately light; strengthening rod extends caudad as far as third dorsal tooth. 

 The two valves of the pair are not identical ; the shorter, narrower ^-alve bears 

 very small teeth for a short distance along its dorsal apical edge; the longer, 

 wider valve bears ten jirimary teeth along its dorsal edge, occupying the apical 

 sixth, these of medium size, in the general shape of an obtuse triangle, fairly 

 regular in size, shape and spacing, bear two to five small secondary teeth on 

 caudal edge; tip notched with small teeth on both edges, continuous around 

 apex, about ten present on ventral edge of longer valve; area of ducts in- 

 conspicuous, ducts elongate; open apically and along the basal shaft. 



CONCLUSIONS. 



An examination of the descriptions and phites leads to several 

 conclusions. The various subfamilies arc not distinctly set apart 

 by the characters of the ovipositor. While it is true that in general 

 the ovipositors of the Bythoscopina^ have regular, rounded teeth; 

 those of the Cicadellinse are toothed for nearly their entire length 

 and have elongate, curved ducts; those of the Gyponinse are stout 

 and heavily chitinized; and those of the Jassinse have a granular 

 duct area and a chitinous connection between the two valves of the 

 pair; yet these characters are not found in nil the members of the 

 subfamily and are not exclusively found fii the subfamily. How- 

 ever, closely related genera possess ovipositors which are very simi- 

 lar. Examples of this similarity ai'e shown in Agalliopsis and Ace- 

 ratagallia; Macropsis and Oncopsis; Oncometopia, Homalodisca and 

 Aulacizes; Cicadella and Graphocephala; Nephotettix and Drio- 

 tui'a; Dorycephalits and Hecalus; Helochara and Drcrculacephola; 

 Jassus and Tinobregrnus; Balclutha and Eugnathodus; and Dikra- 

 neura, Empoasca and Typhlocyba, all in the tribe Typhlocybini, 

 which is very clearly set apart by the cluiracters of the ovipositor. 



Between the species of well-defined genera there is an indisputa- 

 ble generic similarity. The cliaracters of size, chitinization and 

 number of teeth vary, but the characters of general shape, and shape 

 ahd arrangement of teeth seem to be constant within the genus. 

 Examples of generic similarity are shown in Idiocerus, Macropsis, 

 Kolla, Dneculacephala, Platymetopius, Deltocephahis, Balclutha, 



