Hungerford: The Toad Bug. 151 



2. The adults arc very active, while the nymphs are rather inactive. The 

 death ft^igning has never been observed. 



3. The species is not gregarious, but two or three nymphs are sometimes 

 found in groups. 



4. The n>-inphs sometimes \ibrate the abdomen vertically for a few seconds 

 when resting on the shore. 



5. The nymphs cover their backs completely with sandy granules. All the 

 nymphal instars have this habit. Their heads are provided on the front with 

 12 to 14 stout processes jM'ojecting forward and arranged in a transverse row, 

 with which they scoop the sand upon the heads and push them backward by 

 the front legs. 



6. The m-mphs construct for themselves small cells of sand above the 

 groimd, using the processes on the front, in which the meltings take place. 

 All the instars have this peculiar habit. 



7. The nymphs with the dorsums wettable are amphibious in habit, being 

 often found submerged. When submerged, the bodies are held always just 

 below the surface film, and they swim rather awkwardly, moving all the legs, 

 but do not swim deeper. A store of air for respiration when submerged, is 

 carried with the insect on the lower surface of the abdomen, and the nymphs 

 now and then turn on their backs at the surface, thus exposing the lower sur- 

 face of the abdomen into free air to take new supply of air. This is done very 

 quickly. 



8. The mating habit is almost as in the insects of Microvelia, but the 

 males do not remain on the backs of their mates for a long time when the 

 copulation is finished. The males and females mate repeatedly. 



9. The eggs are singly placed upon the sandy granules, or upon the decayed 

 leaves on the ground. 



10. The egg is similar in shape to that of Gelastocoris, species figured by 

 Doctor Hungerford (1919), measuring about 0.7 mm. in length. 



11. There are five nymphal instars, as is common for other Heteroptera, 

 and the nymphal stage lasts more than one month. 



12. In the adults the front and middle tarsi are two-jointed, and the hind 

 three-jointed, while in the nymphs all the tarsi are always two-jointed. 



13. The adults may be seen near Taihoku at almost any time. 



NOTES ON REARINGS. 

 FIRST PAIR. 

 Rearing Number 4- 

 This pair consisted of the female that I had kept in the laboratory- 

 all winter and a male selected from the spring shipment. They 

 were confined in a six-inch stender in which had been placed a layer 

 of sand with a place scooped out on one side for water. The water, 

 however was taken up by the sand and the entire mass became 

 water-soaked. To make a dry footing for tlie bugs, a bit of cork 

 was set upright in the soil, but this too became wet. Green algae 

 covered the sand, the cork, the sides of the jar, and even the bugs 

 were green with it. The surface of the sand was found on July 1 



