536 The University Science Bulletin. 



but as soon as the mass was reached would stop and turn back. 

 Garman (1921) states that the spittle ball offers an ideal medium 

 for molds and bacteria, which may sometimes be found in large 

 numbers. None of these organisms were found in the spittle balls of 

 Lepyronia. Urich (1913) in his studies of Trinidad froghoppers has 

 found that they are preyed upon by two birds, a reptile, batrachian, 

 spiders, predatory insects, and is the host of two parasitic insects 

 and a parasitic worm, which all together play an important part in 

 the control of these froghoppers. Williams (1923) reports the larvae 

 of Drosophila paradoxa living in the spittle mass of a Clastoptera. 

 He states that they undoubtedly kill some of the spittle nymphs. 

 Considering the family as a whole, however, it is evident that frog- 

 hoppers have few natural enemies, and this probably is due to the 

 protection of the viscid spittle material. 



DESCRIPTION OF DIFFERENT STAGES. 



THE EGG. 



Length, 1.2 mm.; width, 0.3 mm. Elongate, slightly curved, tapering to a 

 rather sharp point at one end and to a more blunt one at the other end. 

 They are white in color, somewhat transparent, and the surface is smooth. 



FIRST INSTAR. 



Size. Average length, 1.53 mm.; width across eyes, 0.456 mm.; width across 

 abdomen, 0.549 mm. 



Color. Head and thorax yellowish white washed with brown, the meso- 

 thorax and metathorax darker gray-brown. The abdomen is a bright yellowy 

 with a pair of oval, orange spots occupying the lateral and part of the dorsal 

 and ventral surfaces of the fourth, fifth and sixth segments. The eyes are 

 reddish brown and the legs yellowish white washed in brown, especially at 

 their bases. 



Structural characteristics. The anterior portion of the head is bulblike, 

 distinctly rounded and with the clypeus greatly inflated. The division between 

 the front and vertex is indicated by a short line cephalad of each antenna, 

 which runs mesad. No ocelli are present. The antennte have nine segments, 

 the basal segment a short, stout one, the second and third elongate-stout, and 

 the fourth fan-shaped, with the distal five segments ringlike. There is no 

 evidence of wing pads from a dorsal view, and only a faint indication from 

 the lateral view in the form of a slight caudal extension. The legs have pro- 

 portionately greatly elongated coxae and have only two segments in the tarsus, 

 a short basal one and a longer distal one. Pleural lobes are not conspicuous. 



SECOND INSTAR. 



Size. Average length, 2.02 mm.; width across eyes, 0-525 mm.; width across 

 abdomen, 0.699 mm. 



Color. Body is pale yellowish-white. Head is washed in reddish-brown. 

 Prothorax is pale yellowush-white only slightly washed in grayish-brown. 

 Mesothorax and metathorax are darker gray-brown. Orange spots on abdomen 

 are only faintly visible. 



