KLUNZINGER, 1884 429 



1432. KLUNZINGER (1884). Die Fische des Rothen M ceres. Eine kritische 

 Revision iiiit Bestimnmngs-Tabellen. I. Tlieil. Acanthopteri veri Owen, 

 Stuttgart, 133. 



Carl Benjamin Klunzinger. 



Hyposerranus Klunzinger, 3 ; logotype Serranus morrhua Cuv. & Val. A substi- 

 tute for Epinephelus Bloch. because not originally clearly defined. A syno- 

 nym of Epinephelus Bloch, as restricted. "Bleeker nent die Serranus 

 jetzt Epinephelus. Diese Sucht, alte Namen hervorzusuchen, halte ich fiir 

 verfehlt, wenigstens in fallen wie hier . . . Bloch hat allerdings verschie- 

 dene Arten dieser Gattung unter Epinephelus aufgefiihrt, die Gattungsdiag- 

 nose ist aber nichtssagend" (Klunzinger). But relatively few original diag- 

 noses are adequate until amended, and to give a new name with each new 

 definition would lead to endless confusion. In fact, much of the chaos which 

 rules are intended to remove is due to the method advocated by Klunzinger 

 and justified by rule 12 of the British Association (1865, 1869), now super- 

 seded, whereby a name not fully defined should be changed if its meaning 

 is not clearly expressed at first. 



Anisochaetodon Klunzinger, 54; logotype Ch^todon auriga. A substitute for 

 Linophora Kaup and Oxych^todon Blkr., the definition being changed. A 

 synonym of Linophora Kaup. 



Ctenodon (Bonaparte) Klunzinger, 85; orthotype Acanthurus strigosus Bennett. 

 Xame preoccupied ; replaced by Ctenoch-^itus Gill, 1884. 



Hypocaranx Klunzinger, 92 ; logotype Scomber speciosus Bloch. A synonym of 

 Gnathanodon Blkr. Under the new name of Hypocaranx, Klunzinger in- 

 cludes Bleeker's genera, Hemicaranx. Gnathanodon, Selaroides, and Uras- 

 pis. His conception of a genus is that of a compartment of species, its name 

 to be changed whenever the walls are altered. But in modern nomenclature 

 a genus is a group of species clustered around a type which may be arbitrarily 

 chosen. The oldest type-name included (unless preoccupied) gives its name 

 to the whole. Hypocaranx is inadmissible, being merely a synonym of 

 Gnathanodon Blkr., its first species mentioned (speciosus) being the type 

 of Gn.athanodon. The same remarks apply to Pseudoserranus Klunzinger 

 (1870), a substitute for the earlier names Serranus and VARroLA. 



1433. LANKESTER (1884). Report on Fragments of Fossil Fishes from the 

 Paleozoic Strata of Spitsbergen. Svensk. Vet. Akad. Handl.. 1884, XX, 1-7. 



Edwin Ray Lankester. 

 Lophostracon Lankester, 5; orthotype, L. spitzbergense Lankester (fossil). 



1434. MACLEAY (1884) On a New Genus of Fishes from Port Jackson. Proc. 

 Linn. Soc, New S. Wales, VIII, 439-443. 



William Macleay. 



Psilocranium Macleay, 439; orthotype P. coxii Macleay. Same as Dactylophora 



De Vis, of the same year. McCulloch gives the latter name precedence. 



1435. SALIVAGE (1884). Contribution a la faune ichthyologiqnc du Tonkin. Bull. 

 Soc. Zool. France, 1884, VII, ser. 7, 150-155. 



Henri £mile Sauvage. 

 Gymnognathus Sauvage, 214; orthotype G. harmandi Sauvage. Name preoccu- 

 pied ; gives place to .A.spidolucius Berg. 



