112 University of California Publications in Botany [Vol. 9 



Spikelets pedunculate; culms weaker, often partially nodding; 

 scales dark red or purple; perigynium nerveless. 

 Spikelets very shortly pedunculate or sessile, aggregated 

 into a capitate cluster. 

 Scales acute but not awned by the projecting nerve; peri- 

 gynium sometimes slightly scabrid ..36. C. quadrifida 

 Scales aristate, often with a distinct awn formed by the 

 projecting nerve; perigynia somewhat granulate. 



37. C. nova 



Spikelets distinctly peduncled, the lower often drooping. 



38. C. atrata 



Upper spikelet male throughout (rarely C. luzulaefolia has a few 

 female flowers in the male spikelets). 

 Whole plant (except the perigynium and scales) whitish or 



glaucous pubescent 39. C. Whitnesri 



Plants glabrous or essentially so. 



Most of the spikelets radical, few flowered, and hidden 



among the leaves 40. C. Rossi 



All of the spikelets conspicuous. 



Perigj'nium prominently beaked; culm obtusely angled 



and smooth; plants not stoloniferous 



41. C. luzulaefolia 



Perigjnium shortly beaked; culm sharply angled, 

 usually scabrous; plants stoloniferous. 

 Perigynium nerved, equalling or exceeding the scales. 

 Leaves somewhat glaucous, %,-% inch wide 



42. C. Raynoldsii 



Leaves green, 1^2 inch or less wide ....43. C. Umosa 



Perigynium nearly nerveless, usually shorter than the 



scale 44. C. invlsa 



1. Carex capitata L., Syst. Nat., ed. 10, p. 1261. 1759. 

 Type locality. — European. 



Range. — Holarctic realm ; in North America very rare, especialh' 

 in the west; so far known only from Wj^oming and California; also 

 Mt. Rose, Nevada. 



Zone. — Aretic-alpine. 



Specimen examined. — Mt. Goddard, 11,500 feet, Hall and Chand- 

 ler 673. 



Heller (Muhl., vol. 6, p. 77) reports this species from Mt. Rose. 



2. Carex filifolia var. erostrata Kiikenth.. Pflanzenr., Bd. 24, Heft 



20, p. 86. ]909. 



Type locality. — "Sierra Nevada." 



Range. — Sierra Nevada. 



Zone. — Canadian to Hudsonian, and rarely- in the alpine meadows. 



Specimens examined. — Cisco, Kellogg, June 24, 1870 ; Echo Lake, 

 Brainerd 111; Sierra County, Lemmon, May, 1875; Mono Pass, 11,000 

 feet, Brewer 1733 ; Tamarack trail, Tahoe, abundant in meadows, 

 8,400 feet. Smiley 270; soda springs of the Tuolumne, Brewer 1697; 

 Elizabeth Lake meadows, Yosemite, 9,800 feet, Smiley 797 ; Mt. Lyell, 

 10,900 feet, Hall and Babcock 3581 ; Dana Fork meadows, Yosemite, 

 9,800 feet, Smiley 854. 



