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its destiny. Impoverished, it must beggar him — prosperous, it will 

 build him up in contentment and true happiness. Hence his exertions 

 lie in a wider field than mere self-interest. He may labor and produce 

 — hut his neighbor, from inactivity or idleness, has nothing to exchanga 

 with him for his products. He must influence that neighbor also to in- 

 dustry, that he may be encouraged in his own ; and his encouragement 

 becomes increased in proportion to the extent of surrounding labor. 

 Promote, then, so far as practicable, national industry, and encourage a 

 home market for your products, by fostering and protecting domestic 

 manufactures. Let agriculture lead and sustain the system. Let it set 

 the noble example by advocacy and action, of retrenchment in the usa 

 of foieign wares and manufactures, until class after class of industry 

 shall fall in line, catch up the spirit and finally shout their pjeans over 

 the complete redemption of our beloved and happy country from de- 

 pendence on foreign labor. 



But in order to be effective in such a design, the co-operation of gov- 

 ernment is essentially requisite. To this end, but too little attention 

 hitherto has been bestowed. Reason upon the subject, has been too 

 generally overpowered by the zeal of an unwholesome party spirit, and 

 the necessary protection, which should be permanent and unchangeabia 

 — except such practical alterations as may be suggested by the test of 

 experience — has been made the subject of party caprice or individual 

 ambition or aggrandizement; and thus, by instability, has offered no 

 encouragement to the investment of the requisite capital. 



To this, in a great measure, has been owing the diversion of capital 

 to the field of speculation ; an evil to which I have before alluded, and 

 •which is destructive of industry, and prejudicial, as well to the wealth, 

 and greatness of the nation, as to individual prosperity and happiness. 

 It has, time and again, led to excessive importations, and caused unfa- 

 vorable balance of trade, thereby generating poverty and distress among 

 the people, and paralyzing the sinews of labor and trade. Such an 

 evil, if permitted to increase, must be also productive of others of a 

 lamentable effect upon the affairs of the nation. Where there is no in- 

 dustry, there must be idleness. Idleness makes men vicious, and losing 

 respect for laws and the rights of others, they become r?ady fur riot and 

 commotion, and even dangerous to the safety of government itself. The 

 history of France attests the truth of this positiou, especially after hev._ 

 33 



