So FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY-EIGHTH ANNUAL REPORT. 
Pass. In recent years the collections from Florida have been added 
to very materially by the Florida State Geological Survey. 
The vertebrate material from Florida has been studied chiefly 
by Professor Joseph Leidy, his work on the Peace Creek, Ocala, and 
Archer collections being- classic. The final report on the material 
from the Archer localities, which was not fully completed at the 
time of Professor Leidy’s death was edited and revised by Pro¬ 
fessor Frederick A. Lucas. In addition to the studies referred to, 
the literature contains frequent critical references to the Florida 
fossils by Cope and later paleontologists. A list of papers relating 
to the Florida vertebrates will be found in the subsequent pages of 
this paper. 
The early collections of vertebrate fossils in Florida were all 
made from localities on the Gulf Coast or western side of the Pen¬ 
insula. Throughout this part of the State the Pleistocene beds are 
thin, and the rivers for the most part cut through the Pleistocene 
and into the older formations. The result is an unfortunate mix¬ 
ing in many of the localities on the western slope of the peninsula 
of Pleistocene and earlier vertebrates, which has led to not a little 
confusion in the literature regarding the supposed range of species. 
Inasmuch as considerable progress in the study of the geology of 
Florida has been made in the twenty years or more since Professor 
Leidy's papers were written, it has seemed worth while, toi re-ex¬ 
amine these localities in the light of our present knowledge of the 
stratigraphy of the State. This has seemed the more desirable since 
not only has additional material been derived from old localities, 
but several important new localities have been discovered. 
From the Alum Bluff formation a new vertebrate fauna has 
been obtained, while in the collections from the later formations 
are several hitherto unknown species. 
Among important new localities for Pleistocene vertebrates are 
those found on or near the Atlantic Coast, where the Pleistocene is 
well developed and where the conditions are such as to preclude the 
possibility of the mixing of Pleistocene and earlier vertebrates, thus 
eliminating all confusion as to the stratigraphic position of the fos¬ 
sils. An added significance is given to these new localities by the 
recent discovery at Vero, in St. Lucie County, iof fossil human re¬ 
mains in association with the Pleistocene vertebrates*. 
* Amer. Journ. Sci., (4), xlii, pp. 1-18, July, 1916; and this Volume, pp. 
121-160). 
