124 FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY-EIGHTH ANNUAL REPORT. 
world wide in distribution, the existing relatives of these extinct 
species are now found in Central and South America, in Asia or in 
Africa. 
A preliminary paper by the writer relating to human remains 
from the Pleistocene of Florida, published in the American Journal 
of Science, July, 1916, contains the records of excavations at Vero 
to the close of May, 1916. A second paper published in Science 
contains notice of discoveries made in June, 1916. The present 
publication includes results obtained at this locality to the close 
Of September, 1916. 
The occurrence of fossils at Vero first became known as a result 
of the construction of a drainage canal made by the Indian River 
Farms Company. Throughout the greater part of its course this 
canal which extends from the coast several miles inland, cuts through 
the surface materials including sand, marl, and muck beds, and 
into marine shell marl. In the marine marl, invertebrates are found 
in abundance and in an excellent state of preservation, 
while in the sands, fresh-water marls, and muck beds, vertebrates 
and fresh-water invertebrates are not infrequently preserved. The 
chief locality for vertebrate and plant fossils, however, is at the 
public road crossing one-half mile north of Vero, where the canal 
cuts into an old stream bed. The canal enters the stream bed about 
500 feet west of the crossing, and follows it while passing under the 
bridge and for 500 and 600 feet beyond, or for a total distance of 
about 1,000 feet (sketch map, fig. 1). 
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. 
Notice of the occurrence of fossils at Vero was brought to the 
writer’s attention in November, 1913, by Mr. Isaac M. Weills, the 
presence of fossil bones in the canal having been reported to him by 
Mr. F. C. Gifford. Mr. Weills,'with the assistance of Mr. Frank 
'Ayers, has constantly watched the canal banks and has thus obtained 
the fossils as they were exposed. Among others who have con¬ 
tributed fossils from this locality, are Messrs. F. C. Gifford, E. J. 
Wood, J. McCullers, N. F. McCall and J. W. Welch. To' Messrs. 
Weills and Ayers in particular are due the very important results 
that have been obtained, Mr. Ayers’ close watch of the canal bank 
having been rewarded by the fortunate discovery of the human re- 
