134 FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY-EIGHTH ANNUAL REPORT. 
in which the bones were imbedded had not been disturbed. More¬ 
over, the human bones are thoroughly mineralized, and it is highly 
improbable that a recent skeleton, if placed in these beds, would 
have become equally as well mineralized as the much older Pleis¬ 
tocene bones. Without doubt the mineralization of the bones is the 
result of the slow chemical changes by which bones are altered 
while being fossilized, a process which at this locality has affected 
alike, although in a slight varying degree, all of the bones of the 
deposit. 
DISCOVERY OF BONES SHOWING MARKINGS WHICH APPAR¬ 
ENTLY WERE MADE BY TOOLS. 
Text-figure 4; pi. 22, figs. 1-3. 
While excavating in stratum No. 2 of the section at Vero, 
in April, 1916, the writer obtained a fragment of bird bone and a 
tip of a proboscidian tusk which have markings which apparently 
were made by tools. These two specimens were both found in 
*n a A. n _ a « ° o a B 0 O o a — —. ^ — - 0 ‘ 0 ?’ a 'e*f\ oV; 
Vi*. tftV.'.VO/ii 
0 4 0 a„- 
O « 0 „ o o 
0 « 0 0 « O 
' ^ w 0 0 O 0 0 a 0 O 0 ° 
Tw'w w w ^ "'/o , Ve V° 5 
w . ^ w ^ ^ ^ 2: wA a a 
^ V ^ V v ^ ’Tw*" 
■ • _^ ^ ^ ^ v W V V V V v w* w V w 
Fig. 4. Sketch showing the section of the canal bank at the place, north 
bank 370 feet west of the railroad bridge, where the specimens showing the 
markings were obtained. At this place stratum No. 2 cuts into the shell marl, 
No. I, and the fossils were found in a local, accumulation of muck near the 
base of stratum No. 2. Of the bird bones from this locality some were found 
near the base of the stratum, while others were taken from the sand at a higher 
level. 
place near the base of stratum No. 2 on the north bank 370 feet 
west of the bridge and were removed from the bank by Isaac M. 
Weills. The two specimens are illustrated herewith (plate 22). 
The fossils in immediate association with these specimens in¬ 
clude the following: Eqims sp., a femur; Smilodon sp., saber¬ 
tooth; Odocoileus sp., tooth; Tapirns haysiif, part of a jaw; Didel- 
phis virginiana , jaw; Procyon sp., tooth; Equits leidyi, tooth; Syl- 
vilagus sp., teeth; Sigmodon sp., teeth; Ncofibcr sp., teeth; Alliga¬ 
tor mississiippiensisf, complete skeleton; and in addition fish, bat- 
