282 FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY I3TH ANNLTAL REPORT 



is more or less building of ships and boats along the coast. Pre- 

 serves and other fruit products are made on a small scale in a few 

 places, and the list of small manufacturing industries .might be ex- 

 tended considerably if there was any convenient way of getting 

 information about them. 



Among factories in the accepted sense of the word, those that 

 employ skilled or semi-skilled labor in large buildings and make 

 finished products to be consumed in other states, the best known 

 are the cigar factories, which are chiefly concentrated in the out- 

 skirts of Tampa and operated by Cubans. They use little or no 

 machinery, and fuel and power constitute only about 1/6000 of 

 their total expenses (as compared with more than ^4 ii^ the case of 

 ice factories).* 



There is a large fertilizer factory at Ingiis, near the mouth of 

 the Withlacoochee River in Levy County, where much of the hard- 

 rock phosphate is exported ; and a tractor factory at Oldsmar. 

 Plants for the manufacture of automobile cushions from Spanish 

 moss and of paper from saw-grass are said to be nearing comple- 

 tion at Leesburg. 



The U. S. census of 19 10 gives a few meager details for all 

 manufacturing industries in Tampa combined, from which the fol- 

 lowing figures have been extracted. In 1909 there were 215 "fac- 

 tories" (nearly twice as many as in Jacksonville), with a com- 

 bined capital of $11,610,421, employing about 10,000 persons 

 (over four times as many as Jacksonville). The total expenses 

 were $16,281,003, and the value of products $17,653,021. 



TRANSPORTATION 



WATERWAYS 



The St. John's and Ocklawaha Rivers are navigable for most 

 of their length. Passenger steamers are operated throughout the 

 year on the St. John's as far up as Sanford, and during the tourist 

 season small steamers and launches have for many years carried 

 sight-seers up the Ocklawaha and its tributary. Silver Spring Run, 



*A number of original statistics on the efficiency of Tampa cigar-makers 

 under different weather conditions can be found in Ellsworth Huntington's 

 "Civilization and Climate" (1915). 



