270 FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT. 



ANALYSES 



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Moisture (H2O) 1.07 .67 .60 .35 



Volatile matter 7.30 4.59 4.74 3.01 



Nitrogen .219 .142 .167 .121 



Potash (K2O) .045 .060 .050 .050 



Lime (CaO) .505 -335 -ZJ -29 



Phosphoric acid (P2O5) .272 .276 .138 .108 



Iron and alumina (AI2O3, Fe203) 5.10 7.21 4.30 4.86 



Insoluble matter 87.36 88.45 Qi-i? 92-43 



In both cases the moisture, volatile matter and nitrogen (which 

 come from the humus) are of course more abundant in the soil than 

 in the subsoil, and the same is true of the lime ; while the potash, 

 iron and alumina, and insoluble matter are more abundant in the sub- 

 soil (except that in the short-leaf pine soil the potash seems to be 

 the same in both soil and subsoil). The phosphoric acid does not 

 seem to vary much with the depth. In the rich woods it is above the 

 world's average, though not as high as in the sample collected by Dr. 

 Smith; whether on account of an actual difference in the soil or 

 merely the different method of analysis it is impossible to say. In 

 the short-leaf pine woods the phosphorus content is only fair, how- 

 ever ; and the significance of this fact will be pointed out farther on 

 in discussing the vegetation. The short-leaf pine soil is poorer in all 

 volatile and soluble constituents (except potash) than the other, as 

 might have been expected. 



Salamander-hills are occasionally seen within three or four 

 miles of the southern edge of this region, the animals probably wan- 

 dering in from the very sandy region bordering it on the south 

 (which will be described next). Moles and earthworms occur here 

 also ; perhaps more commonly than in other parts of Florida, 



Topography and Hydrography — The topography is everywhere 

 hilly, probably more so on the average than in any equal area in 

 Florida. Differences of elevation of 100 feet in less than half a 

 mile are not uncommon, especially near the southern edge of the re- 

 gion, where the highest hills are a little over 200 feet above sea- 

 level. A mile or so east of Tallahassee is a railroad cut about 40 

 feet deep, which seems to be the deepest one in the State. But there 

 are almost no bluffs, ravines, or hills too steep for wagons to climb, 

 and some of the roads run nearly straight for several miles, regard- 

 less of the hills. The valleys are mostly broad and more or less 

 flat-bottomed, and probably were not formed altogether by surface 

 erosion, for running water is scarce. There are no caves or natural 



