53° SEVENTH REPORT OF THE FOREST, FISH AND GAME COMMISSION. 



TWO MARKED TREE HOPPER, 



Enclicuopa b'uiotata Say. 



This peculiar brownish black leaf hopper with its enormous horn-like projection 

 over its head may be met with in the fall on a number of plants. This peculiar 

 development of the prothorax is undoubtedly protective since it gives the resting 

 insect some resemblance to a thorn. 



DOG DAY CICADA. 



Cicada tibiccn Linn. 



This is our common harvest fly and may be easily recognized with the aid of the 

 illustration on plate i6, figure i8. It occurs on a number of trees and may be met 

 with somewhat commonly in July and August. 



OAK FIG GALL. 



Biorhiza foriicornis Walsh. 



The irregular reddish tinted, greenish galls of this insect may be met with in 

 dense clusters along the midrib or on the stems of white and scrub oaks in midsummer. 

 This species was observed rather commonly at Karner on the dwarf chestnut oak. 

 The galls on the under surface of the leaves are very pretty about the middle of 

 August. They are then irregular in shape, greenish-yellow and tinted with red. The 

 mass of forming galls and a badly infested shoot are represented on plate lo, 

 figure 2. The galls are found along the midrib on both the upper and under sur- 

 face of the leaf and when on a twig constitute a very irregular mass and look not 

 unlike figs closely packed around a central stem. Dr. Fitch observed this species 

 and states that the female inserts a number of eggs a short distance from each 

 other, apparently sinking them into the wood beneath the bark, causing a little 

 discoloration. He describes the formation of the gall substantiallj^ as follows: 

 A spongy spot runs inward from the gall to the pith of the limb. The wounds on 

 the bark heal over soon and later are marked only by a smooth round swelling or 

 elevation which soon commences to form. It increases in size till at length the 

 bark bursts and a small round granule, the size of a pin head, protrudes from the 

 opening. The small galls resemble a cluster of grapes and when about y'^ their 

 normal size begin to press upon each other. The larva lives in the midst of its gall 

 and the mature insect escapes through a round hole. 



