INSECTS AFFECTING FOREST TREES. 5 II 



flies were bred July 23CI. These latter, however, were probably adults of Diplosis 

 rcsiiiicola Osten-Sacken. 



The work of this insect was again observed July 15th of the same year, at which 

 time the malformation was well developed in new grown needles. It will be seen 

 that oar observations substantiate in a general way the life history as outlined by 

 Dr. Packard. 



PINE LEAF SCALE INSECT. 

 Cliionaspis piiiifoliiv Fitch. 



This is an elongated white scale insect which sometimes occurs in immense num- 

 bers on pines grown in parks. The female scale is somewhat oval, elongated, and 

 with a yellowish pellicle at its anterior extremity. The male scale is linear, ridged- 

 snowy white, and with a yellowish pellicle at one end. The life history of this 

 insect is substantially as follows : Prof. R. A. Cooley has observed the eggs hatch at 

 Amherst, Mass.. May 25th, and Dr. Le Baron observed them hatching in Illinois 

 trom the loth to the 25th. The young crawl over the leaves for two or three 

 days, then settle and begin feeding. The male is said to require about ten days for 

 the development of its scale and the female three weeks, the former being mature 

 at the time the latter is passing through its second molt. The second generation 

 is developed later in the season, and Mr. Cooley has found it impossible to separate 

 the two, as the hatching period is such an extended one that all stages of develop- 

 ment can be found at any time during the summer. The life cycle is complete 

 in !io short a period as to lead Mr. Cooley to think that possibly there may be three 

 broods in the latitude of Amherst, Mass. The winter is passed in the egg stage 

 as lin the case of allied species. 



Natural Enemies. This insect is preyed upon by several insects. Two minute 

 parasites, Pcrrisopterus pnlchcllus How. and Aplicliniis mytilaspidis Le Baron, have 

 been reared from this scale insect. The somewhat common twice stabbed lady 

 bug, Chilocorns biviilnurus Muls., has been repeatedly recorded as feeding upon 

 this insect and several other species are known to prey upon it. 



The following insects were taken in more or less numbers among pine needles^ 

 but it is rather doubtful if any of them feed on the foliage, which is certainly not 

 true of the flower cricket. 



Chrysobothris floricola Gory. 



This is a modestly colored, small, flattened insect, which measures about ?8 of 

 an inch in length, plate 12, figure 10. It occurred in considerable numbers among 

 the needles of hard pine from the 13th of June till the latter part of August. 



