INSECTS AFFECTING FOREST TREES. 505 



shield are light brown, and tlie body yellowish-white. The labrum and tip of the 

 mandibles are dark brown, the tubercles are good sized, w^ell chitinized and bear one 

 or two seta;. The spiracles or breathing pores are enclosed by dark brow n rings of 

 chitin, and the anal shield is somewhat chitinized and ornamented with rather long 

 sette. This larva may be readil)' distinguished from the larger, dark colored one 

 of the pitch tip moth, Pinipcstris ::iiiiincnnani Grote, by its not possessing linear 

 series of dark brown blackish chitinized spots. 



The egg has been characterized as lemon-yellow, elliptic-oval in form when 

 deposited on the glass of a breeding jar, and nearly ' /^ of an inch long. 



Parasites. It might be thought that a caterpillar having the entrance to its bur- 

 row protected by a pitch mass would be safe from the attacks of parasitic insects. 

 Such, howei'er, is not the case, and this species is the host of at least two parasites 

 which were bred by Prof. Comstock; one is known as Ephialtrs coinstockii Cress., and 

 the other is a species of Agatliis. An Ichneumon, Cremastiis retinue Cress., was 

 reared from this insect by Messrs. Riley and Howard. The writer also succeeded in 

 breeding from this borer an exceedingly small, four-winged fly which was determined 

 by Dr. Ashmead as a species of Stciioiiu'sins. 



PITCH INHABITING MIDGE. 



Dip/osis rcsiiiicola Osten-Sacken. 



The work of this insect is somewhat similar to that of the preceding in that it 

 produces masses of pitch along the smaller limbs of hard pines. These masses 

 however, are usually largely on the under side of the limbs and are all much clearer, 

 the pitch being semi-transparent or nearly whitish in color (plate 12, figure 2), 

 and in warm weather drops may occasionally fall. An examination of these pitch 

 masses will frequently reveal within them orange-red, footless maggots, about Y^^ 

 of an inch in ler.gth, which develop into small, dark colored winged midges about j^ 

 of an inch long. 



PINE BARK CHERMES. 



Clicrincs pinicorticis Fitch. 



Patches of flocculent downy matter may be observed on the underside of the 

 limbs and on the smooth bark of white pines, and are very characteristic of this 

 pest, plate 13, figure 2. This insect appears to be a somewhat common one on 

 pines growing in parks and under somewhat artificial conditions in New York 

 State. The writer has observed the work of this species for a number of years 



