INSECTS AFFECTING FOREST TREES. 485 



witli in considerable numbers in the deserted galleries of this insect at Karner and 

 at Manor, N. Y. P/cgachriis traiisvcrsiis Say was present in luimbers in the galleries 

 of this insect at Karner, and the same was true of Trogosita vircsceiis Fabr. A spe- 

 cies of Aiiloiiiuin was also met with in the galleries of this insect. 



SOUTHERN TOMICUS. 



Toiiiicus cacograpliits Lee. 



This little bark borer is frequently associated with the preceding, and confines its 

 operations largely to the thinner bark of small pines a;id that of the limbs of larger 

 trees. It was found by the writer in August and September, 1900, in considerable 

 numbers at Slingerlands and Karner. At the latter place it was working in recently 

 cut hard pines, and in the former was breeding in white pine limbs. The species 

 was common at Manor, Long Island, in the same year and was taken from under the 

 bark of the middle portion of the trunk of a pitch pine which had been attacked by 

 DciidroctouHS tcrcbriXiis Oliv., and in one instance at least, it appeared to be the 

 primary offender, boring in large numbers in limbs on which green needles were still 

 to be found. It was observed working in living tissues at the base of another dying 

 hard pine, and was also operating in other trees. The workings of this species have 

 been characterized by Dr. Packard as much like those of T. calligrapltiis Germ., 

 except that tlie main gallery is nar^'ower to correspond with the smaller size of the 

 insect. Our own observations show that the burrows made by the beetles during 

 the breeding period arc more regular and are apt to run ^\•ith the grain of the bark, 

 the eggs being deposited on either side and the young making more or less obliciue, 

 serpentine galleries in the adjacent tissues. Later the bark may become a mass 

 of interlacing burrows, nearly filled with particles of decaying bark. 



Description. This is one of the medium sized species of Toiniciis. The beetle is 

 a trifle over 'a of an inch long, cylindrical, rather slender 

 in form and, like other species of this genus, varies in ^jf* 



\* 



color from litrht to dark brown. The posterior e.xcava- 

 tion or declivity of the wing covers is bordered by a series ff 

 of fixe teeth. The one near the dorsal median line is very ^ 

 minute, the second and third are much larger and con- 



FIG. 6. DECLIVITY OF TOMl 



nected or nearl}- so at the base, and the fourth and fifth cus cacograi'iius. 

 are smaller and distinct from each other. (P^igureT).) The original. 



prothorax is rather coarsely granulatetl ami the wing covers are marked with longi- 

 tudinal rows of rather dei-p punctures. 



