157 



all the parts are on a larger scale. The rhizoids (Fig. 48) are, 

 as Lang showed, much shorter, but more numerous than in 

 any other species. The endophyte is also much more conspi- 

 cuous and was studied somewhat carefully. In the youngest 

 parts of the prothallium it is absent, but in the older portions 

 it is very apparent and conspicuous. Occasionally, fragments 

 of the fungus were found on the outside of the prothallium, 

 and evidently the same form as those observed infecting the 

 very young prothallia which arise from the germinating spores. 

 These hyphag appeared in some cases to have an occasional 

 septum, and this was also the case in the mycorhiza which 

 infects the young prothallium. In all of the mycelia within 

 the prothallium septa appeared to be quite absent. An infection 

 of the prothallium through the rhizoids was seen in a number 

 of cases, and corresponds to the account given by Lang and 

 Bruchmann for the species examined by them. An examination 

 of the young cells before the invasion of the fungus (Fig. 55) 

 shows a conspicuous nucleus and numerous starch grains 

 which stain very strongly with gentian violet. The invading 

 mycelium, whether from the outside of the prothallium or 

 from adjacent cells, penetrates the cell wall and ramifies within 

 the cell. Apparently the growth, as Jeffrey found in the endo- 

 phyte of Botrycliium v'mjinianum^ is entirely intracellular. The 

 liyphaB are noticeably thicker than those of the external 

 mycorhiza. 



In material treated with chromic acid the endophyte was 

 perfectly fixed, and stained sharply with the double stain, the 

 walls assuming a violet color and the numerous nuclei staining' 

 deep red with the safranine. In the younger hyphae, which 

 are of varying size, the protoplasm is densely granular, but 

 in the older ones the granular appearance disappears to a 

 considerable extent, but the nuclei continue to stain strongly. 

 Jeffrey has made a careful study of the endophyte in Botry- 

 cliium viniinianwi), and except for its larger size, that found 

 in 0. pendulwn (which has also been studied by Lang) agrees 

 closely with his account. As in other cases observed, the 



