EASTMAN: DESCRIPTIONS OF BOLCA EISIIES. 



29 



terior dorsal fin with about 8 spines of moderate Itnigth, closely followed by 

 the low second dorsal with about 20 soft rays. Anal tin opposed to the pos- 

 terior dorsal, and apparently of equal extent, preceded by two short and sepa- 

 rate anal spines. Dorsal and anal iinlets not observed. Scales thm and small. 

 Lateral line with well-developed scutes along its entire length, the line arch- 

 ing upward and the scutes becoming shorter anteriorly; number of scutes 



about 65. . . 1 1 • i. 



The unique individual upon which the above description is based exists 

 in counterpart, and details taken from both halves have been combined in 



Fig. B. Caranx primaevus, sp. nov. X {■ 



the adjoining Figure B. This is the earliest recorded appearance of the 

 genus in geologicll history, the half-dozen fossil species that are known being 

 confined to the Oligocene and Miocene. Amongst the latter G. ovalis, which is 

 imperfectly known, seems to have resembled the present species in general out- 

 line, and amongst modern forms the species commonly referred to " Tmchurus" 

 (e.g., Caranx trachurus and C. picturatus) present the same peculiarity of hav- 

 ing scutes developed along the entire length of the lateral line. 



The type-specimen, which is from Monte Bolca, is preserved in the Museum 

 of Comparative Zoology. 



LABEIDAE. 

 Symphodus szajnochae (Zigno). 



(Plate 1, Fig. 5.) 

 1887. Crenilabrus szajnochae A. de Zigno, Mem. R. Istit. Veneto, xxiii. p. 17, Fig. 3. 



Besides the holotype of this species, which is small and imperfectly pre- 

 served, no other examples have come to light until recently, when one was 

 acquired for the Museum of Comparative Zoology, and another for the Car- 

 negie Museum at Pittsburgh. The individual belonging to the Cambridge 

 coUection is preserved in counterpart, and is interesting for the additional 

 information which it affords in regard to certain structural details. 



This example has a total length of 10 cm. to the base of the caudal fin, and 

 in this distance the head with opercular apparatus is contained four times. 



