VOL. IV.] Recent Literature. 193 



inflated, membranous pericarp; " the very well-known utriculus 

 of Carex is not mentioned and is not to be compared with such a 

 kind of utricle. 



About "drupe" is only said that "it occurs in peach, 

 almond, and cherry, being characterized by having a bony 

 endocarp; " nothing is said about the fleshy exocarp. 



"Nectary" is, according to this dictionary, only "the part 

 of a flower which secretes nectar." The common extra floral 

 nectaries are silently passed by, and this is the more curious 

 when we see under " gland," " also applied to certain wart-like 

 swellings which are not secretory, [sic] as the abortive teeth at 

 the base of the leaf of peach and cherry" ! These glands are 

 certainly secretory, however. " Secretory " is not defined. 



' ' Scape " is defined as " a peduncle rising from the ground, as in 

 Sanguinaria, i. e,, a stalk from the root." The author has prob- 

 ably never seen the large rootstock of this common plant. 



" Palet " of the grasses is defined as "the inner bract or 

 chaff." This organ is, nevertheless, wanting in several genera; 

 then the flowering glume would be the same as the palet, a 

 terminology which is untenable. The singular position of this 

 organ, the palet, with its back towards the mother-axis, seems 

 entirely unknown to the author. 



If we turn to the anatomical and physiological terms, we 

 find these still more defective, and it is often utterly impossible 

 to draw any correct conclusion from the definitions of the various 

 tissues, when compared with each other. " Cuticle " is said to 

 be "the outer cell-wall of the epidermis;" "Leptome," which 

 is credited to Potonie, is attributed to " vascular Cryptogames 

 only," and "Hadrome," also credited to Potonie, and defined as 

 " the phloem-like portion of fibro-vascular bundles in vascular 

 Cryptogames." These two terms, leptome and hadrome, would 

 then be identical, while in reality hadrome is used instead of the 

 term xylem. Under " Phloem " we are told that " the inner bark 

 is derived from the phloem and the wood from the xylem." 

 Haberlandt was the first to introduce these terms, not Potonie. 

 The author ought to have studied Haberlandt's Physiologische 

 Pflanzen-anatomie — he would then have been spared much 

 trouble, besides would have been able to define these terms 

 correctly. 



