VOL. i\'.] Southern Extension of California Flora. 201 



El Rosario to Calamujuet, no considerable range impedes the 

 traveler. 



The climate of San Pedro Martir is cold in winter; ice is 

 formed on standing water even during the month of May, and 

 like most elevated regions the rainfall is greater than on the 

 neighboring lower lands. 



The ridges traversing the plateau have a barren, desolate 

 appearance, and the large rounded rocks with which they are 

 covered form a striking feature of the landscape. Between these 

 ridges little brooks arise and find their way at first through 

 extensive green meadows, then run rapidl}^ down the very steep 

 mountain sides toward the Pacific Ocean. Trees of good size 

 are found almost over the whole plateau and in some places are 

 very abundant. Pimis Jeffrcyi is the most common, but on the 

 ridges a few sugar pines {P. Lambertia^ia) and along the streams 

 some cedars [Libocedr-iis) keep them company. In a few locali- 

 ties some " quaking asp," " cypress " and silver fir can be found 

 but they are not common, and at the lower elevations one of the 

 pinon pines, P. Parryana, is almost the only tree. Oaks that 

 never become large enough to be called trees are plentiful and 

 form part of the underbrush that in manj^ places, especially on 

 ridges, is so thick as to be almost impenetrable; this chaparral is 

 made up mainly of Manzanita and Ceanothus. Other bushes are 

 scattered about and often in some localities they are abundant; 

 the most noteworthy of these being: Garrya Veatchii at lower 

 and Garrya Wrightii at higher elevations, Rhavinus Catifornica 

 in almost every place and a willow common along the streams. 



Our present knowledge of the vegetation of Northern Lower 

 California has been mainl}' derived from several collections by 

 Mr. C. R. Orcutt, who has traveled from its northern boundary 

 as far south as El Rosario and San Fernando; and from the 

 explorations of Dr. Edward Palmer about San Quentin and 

 Lagoon Head. Mr. Orcutt has published a catalogue containing 

 names of plants growing in Lower California, but no definite 

 localities are given. The results of Dr. Edward Palmer's collect- 

 ing have been published by the Department of Agriculture, and 

 the California Academy of Sciences has printed in its Proceed- 

 ings an account of the plants found on the trip between Magdalena 



