VOL. IV.] Contributions to Western Botany. 261 



of the California Academy. This simulates T. grandiflora \^xy 

 closely but a specimen collected by Tweedy in May at a place in 

 Gallatin County, Montana, tends to connect it with T. florifer . 

 The heads are larger, and stems two to three inches high, 

 spreading, lax; leaves spatulate, obtuse, and like those of T. 

 scapigera. It is separable from T. florifer only by the perennial 

 root, and the scales. The pappus of disk and ray are equal, and 

 the ray is glabrous. 



1^ Towiisendia florifer, scapigera, and Watso/ii are manifestly' 

 much confused. The first was originally described as a perennial 

 and is certainly a biennial at least, the second was described as 

 perennial and is manifestlj^ such but blooms the second 3'ear, 

 the third is not a good species unless it covers many things 

 referred to the first and the second by Graj^ while its real 

 character, a winter annual .seems to have been overlooked by 

 Gray or confused with the others. 



Toivnsoidia florifer (Hook.) Graj', as I understand it, is con- 

 fined to Oregon, Washington and northwestern Nevada. It is a 

 little ashy, but the leaves are usuallj' nearly glabrous, and thick 

 as though succulent; involucral scales about one-half as many as 

 in T. Parryi, and definitely separable from that species only by 

 the scales, which are green and ashy and much less imbricated; 

 stems spreading, two to four inches long; leaves spatulate to 

 linear-spatulate, shortly apiculate, the blade as long as petiole; 

 heads one-half inch high and three-fourths inch wide; pappus 

 equal in all the specimens I have seen. This is drawn from 

 specimens in the California Academy from Washington, Brande- 

 gee, Hoivell; Virginia City, Nevada, Brandegee. Another form 

 from Walla Walla by Mr. Brandegee has linear-spatulate leaves, 

 acute, one to two inches long, and solitary heads on stout, leafy 

 peduncles, which are ascending, and four to five inches long, 

 rarely branched in the middle; whole plant ashy strigose to the 

 scales; heads one-half inch high and very many. All the above 

 forms are biennials. The raj^s are rough with yellow sessile 

 glands on the outside. The plants seem to be confined to the 

 valleys at low elevations, but maj' ascend the lower slopes of the 

 mountains. 



