The Spraying of Orchards. 115 



applications than by those of the first division. The King in par- 

 ticular shows this difference, there being only four third-class apples,, 

 but forty-two in the first class. The Baldwin also shows a marked 

 improvement, but it is not so decided as in the case of the other 

 variety. 



The apples of the third division do not differ much from those of 

 the second. This is especially true of the King apples, there being 

 a few more first quality fruits, but also more of the third grade. 

 The Baldwins show a similar increase, but it is still more marked in 

 the first class fruit. (See also p. 124, The JSTixon orchard.) 



Having thus briefly considered the character of the fruit, it will 

 be interesting to note which treatment has been followed by the 

 best results. The first two applications did not produce the fairest 

 fruit, while that of the second division, in the case of the King 

 apples, was equal to any borne by the trees. The Baldwin also 

 showed such an improvement that it will be safe to say the applica- 

 tion made April 21 was not so valuable as that made May 7. In 

 the third division the Baldwins show a still greater improvement, 

 and it would appear from them that the treatments made May 19 

 and May 31 were the most valuable. Such may have been the case 

 this season, but in 1892* it was found that when the first applica- 

 tion was made as soon as the blossoms fell, the scab had already 

 secured an entrance into the fruit and the foliage of the trees. 

 Taking this fact into consideration, it would appear that the most 

 important treatments for apple scabf are those which are made just 

 before the blossoms open and soon after they fall, this statement 

 being, to a certain extent, dependent upon the season. 



The amount of liquid to apply. — I have so often seen men spray- 

 ing their trees with much less liquid than it has been our custom to 

 apply, that one part of the orchard was this year used to determine 

 the effect of applying different amounts of the Bordeaux mixture. 

 Six King trees, well grown, and nearly thirty years of age, were 

 selected for the purpose. Two were treated with two gallons of the 

 mixture at each application ; two with three gallons and two with 

 four gallons. Care was taken to distribute the smaller amounts of 

 liquid as evenly as possible, so that it should not be applied in 

 patches. 



* Cornell Agric. Exp. Sta. Bull., 48, p. 269. 



tThe treatments to be made for the eodlin moth have been discussed in Bul- 

 letin 60 of this Station. 



