112 Agricultural Experiment Station, Ithaca, N. Y. 



little damaged by them." * In consequence of this standard it fre- 

 quently became necessary to place a commercially first-class apple 

 into the second or possibly into the third grade. The orchard had 

 been sprayed with arsenites so that the worms did not do any seri- 

 ous damage. This year, however, the worms were allowed to have 

 everything their own way, for no applications were made which 

 were designed to destroy them. All applications were made with 

 the sole object of combating the scab, and so in the final grading, 

 insect injury, to whatever extent it may have taken place, did not 

 prevent an apple from entering the first class. It was only on 

 account of fungous injury that affected apples were removed. Since 

 the apples were very wormy (see page 116) it made the first grade 

 appear anything but fancy fruit, although the selection had been 

 made in conformity to the principles laid down when the work was 

 undertaken. 



Another factor which rendered the grade more difficult was the 

 rust, of which mention has already been made. In some cases it 

 was practically impossible to determine whether a certain injury 

 was caused wholly by scab, or by rust. It was too late in the sea- 

 son to tell accurately the cause of a blemish upon an apple. For- 

 tunately such cases were not very common. 



In order to simplify the "table, the figures showing the number 

 of apples in each grade represent what per cent, of the total yield 

 of a plot the given grade formed. The trees bore a light crop, 

 (see page 117), the Kings averaging scarcely three bushels per tree, 

 while the Baldwins and the Fall Pippins bore less than two 

 bushels each. Such a small yield was disappointing, for it is desir- 

 able to have as many apples as possible to get at the true value 

 of an experiment. iSTevertheless the figures given on the 

 following pages are quite accurate. Some of the experiments 

 made were solely for the purpose of verifying results which had 

 been attained here and at other stations, and with scarcely an excep- 

 tion the results have been practically the same as in past years when 

 larger crops were borne. The King trees in particular were very 

 uniform in this respect. Unfortunately, some of the trees of the 

 other varieties bore hardly an apple and in such cases, of course, not 

 even an approximate conclusion could be reached. On this account 

 several experiments planned were without result. Those upon 

 which reliance could be placed are given below. 



* Cornell Agric. Exp. Sta. Bull. 60, p. 264. 



