Recent Apple Failures of Western New York. 77 



were treated in the same manner and at the same time. May 1st, I 

 began a second spraying, using the same formula with the exception 

 of one pound of Paris green added. The buds were at this time 

 about as large as a robin's egg. Before this spraying was finished, the 

 buds opened somewhat, showing the flower. Following this spray- 

 ing, we had a very heavy rainfall — over five inches on the level — 

 but the lime and the sulphate of copper still adhered to the foliage 

 and was plainly visible, which gave me great confidence that after 

 the mixture was once set it would remain and do its work. The 

 third spraying was done with the same mixture as the second, and 

 when the apples were on an average about one half inch in diame- 

 ter, although some were larger. They had a healthy stem and 

 satisfied me they had come to stay ; there were fourteen large Bald- 

 win trees not sprayed, and these were dropping fruit, and the stems 

 of what remained on the trees were turning yellow and ready 

 to fall. 



Second Test. — My pear orchard was treated the same way as my 

 apple orchard. In both orchards the sprayed trees were heavily 

 loaded. Indeed, there was hardly a tree in either orchard that had 

 not one or more limbs broken by the weight of the fruit. The 

 foliage was dark, rich, rank and heavy, a wonder to the whole 

 neighborhood, especially the perfect fruit growing on the inside of 

 the trees on the small fruit spurs. In fact, I made a standing offer 

 to my city friends and to my neighbors, that if they could find a 

 wormy or a scabby apple on any tree that had been treated, I 

 would make them a present of their winter supply of fruit. When 

 we picked the crop, the fourteen trees not treated had no apples on 

 the inside ; the foliage was rusty and dropping ; there were some 

 apples on the top branches, but I gathered only thirty-five barrels 

 from fourteen trees when I ought to have had one hundred and 

 thirty-five. The picking began October 1st. The apples were 

 placed in packages and remained thirty-four days after being bar- 

 reled. The buyers, as all know, require close packing ; and I found 

 the thirty-five barrels from fourteen unsprayed trees had shrunk 

 five barrels, while those from the sprayed trees (two thousand four 

 hundred barrels) had not shrunk five in two thousand. The crop 

 was sold for three shillings per barrel more than the average mar- 

 ket price. The two trees sprayed in 1893, and again this year, also 



