132 Agricultural Experiment Station^ Ithaca, N. Y. 



showed no fungous disease upon either the sprayed or the unsprayed 

 foliage, but all the other varieties were more or less attacked. 



The large number of applications which were made this year 

 seemed to have an influence upon the thickness of the foliage. 

 Leaves were taken October 15th from sprayed and unsprayed trees 

 of three varieties of plum, Fellenberg, Bradshaw and German 

 Prune. Five leaves were selected for each lot, and they were taken 

 from corresponding portions of the trees. In making the selections 

 the material was uniformly cut from near the mid rib, in the vicinity 

 of the center of the leaf, so that no error might creep in from this 

 direction. The average of the measurements are as follows : 



Fellenberg, sprayed 10.6 micromillimeters ; nnsprayed 10.4 in., 



a gain of 1.9 per cent. 

 Bradshaw, sprayed 10.9 micromillimeters ; unsprayed 10.6 m., 



a gain of 2.8 per cent. 

 German prune, sprayed 12.9 micromillimeters; unsprayed 11.7 m., 



a gain of 10.2 per cent. 



The differences between the sprayed and the unsprayed foliage, 

 although very slight in cases of the first two varieties, are neverthe- 

 less uniformly in favor of the sprayed foliage. This is most plainly 

 shown in the leaves of the German prune. It would appear that 

 the Bordeaux mixture has an influence upon the foilage causing it 

 to become thicker, or that the increased vigor of the tree brings 

 about this result. It has often been said by careful observers that 

 apple foliage is benefited by such applications, ignoring entirely the 

 protective action of the Bordeaux mixture against fungi. The 

 particular cells of the plum leaves which were enlarged could not 

 be determined wnth certainty, but the palisade cells appeared to be 

 longer in the sprayed leaves. 



SUMMAEY. 



1. Hand pumps have proved the most satisfactory machine for 

 sprajang apple orchards. 



2. Power sprayers have proved unsatisfactory because they do 

 not throw enough liquid, and they do not throw the spray far 

 enough. 



3. Power sprayers are excellent machines to use in spraying 

 grapes and low growing plants. 



