The Spraying of Trees. 587 



May 17. Finished the orchard, using 11 barrels of mixture; quit 

 at 5 o'clock. 



Certain Roxburj Russet trees were the worst affected. In fact, 

 the worms were so numerous that it seemed well nigh an impossi- 

 bility to annihilate them. These trees, therefore, received par- 

 ticular attention. Toner's diary is as follows : 



May 13. " Sprayed Eussets in the afternoon, and they were 

 alive with worms." 



May 15. "Examined the Russet trees and found the worms 

 lively and in good health, but think the failure of the spray was due 

 to the rain of yesterday and the night before. Sprayed them again 

 this morning. At 5 o'clock in the afternoon the worms were as 

 lively as ever." 



May 16. " Found worms dying on the Russet trees. One of 

 the trees which was the worst on yesterday morning had scarcely a 

 worm on this evening. Believe they can be killed out with the 

 Paris green if the spraying is well done." 



May 17. Found a few worms on the Russet trees. Sprayed 

 them again in the morning. At night there were scarcely any 

 left." 



Not counting the first day's work, 'there were used 1,500 gallons 

 of mixture. The orchard has 240 trees, making a trifle over 6 gal- 

 lons of liquid to the tree. 



I visited the orchard on the 18th and found the worms nearly all 

 dead, and I was much pleased with the result. Great damage had 

 been done to the foliage, however, and it was evident that the 

 injury in a badly infested orchard can not be averted in a single 

 year. On the 22d I was in the orchard again, and my diary reads 

 as follows : " Rarely a worm to be found in good health. Most 

 trees seem to be entirely free, the Russets almost completely so ; now 

 and then a limb has a few worms, but they are mostly small and evi- 

 dently hatched out since the spraying was done. Yet these Russets 

 look brown and scorched from the work of the worms." The pho- 

 tograph on page 58') was taken at this time. 



On June 1st my associate, Mr. Lodeman, visited the orchard and 

 reported a good many worms, although they were not in serious 

 numbers. Subsequently the worms became more numerous, 

 although they never did noticeable damage to the orchard after we 

 left it. These later worms had evidently hatched out late in the 

 season, but it is probable that most of them were killed by the 



