Evaporated Raspberries. 



533 



which determined the course of the evaporating industry. The 

 Wilharas evaporator, invented by John Williams, South Haven, 

 Michigan, was patented in ISYS. This was soon followed by the 

 Culver machine, which was patented after the death of its inventor 

 (Stephen Culver, ^Newark, N. Y.,) in 1882, by his administrator, 

 Harlan P. Van Dusen, also of Newark. (Filed September 20, 1880 ; 

 patented Octobei- 3, 1882. — See JJ. S. Gazette of Patents, xxii. 

 1171.) As early as 1876, Mason L, Rogers "built and equipped a 



106.— Topping Portable Evaporator. 



Culver evaporator," as his son writes me. John W. Cassidy 

 patented his device for lifting trays in 1876. Cassidy was a resident 

 of Kewark, New York, but moved to Petaluma, California, where 

 he resided when he took out his patents. His device, combined with 

 Culver's, is the leading lifting arrangement now in use in western 

 New York. Cassidy took out another patent in 1880 for a device 

 to dry fruit by exposing it alternately to a vacuum or partial vacuum, 

 and an inrush of dehydrated air, but this system is probably unknown 

 in this State. It now needed only the advent of a bleaching device 

 and improved machines for paring and ringing the fruit, to establish 

 the evaporating business upon an enduring basis ; but as these 

 devices are not used in the making of evaporated raspberries, they 

 need not be further discussed in this paper. 



