538 Agricultural Experiment Station, Ithaca, N. Y. 



at the left, bounded by tbe letters T E W Y. The door through 

 which the trays are inserted, on the first floor, is at W, and one of 

 the frames on which the trays are rested when they are shoved in,'i8 

 at A. (See the same letters in Fig. 112.) The warming pipes are 

 at P (see Fig. 111). The stack passes into the second story at F, 

 and the upper door, from which the trays are removed, is at E. 

 Above this point, the stack serves as draft- chimney, and as a resting 

 place for the lifting device. The diagram B in Fig. 105 shows a 

 direct front view of a cross-section of the stack. 



110. — Same as Fig. 109, rear view. Coal shed on tlie left. 



The chief essential in the interior arrangement of a tower is some 

 apparatus for lifting the trays, to allow of a tray of fresh fruit to be 

 placed in at the bottom of the stack. Some of these apparatus work 

 by means of an endless chain run on a shaft and moved by a crank, 

 whilst others work directly by means of a lever. Various lifting 

 devices, some of them controlled by patents (as mentioned in the 

 descriptions of them), are in use in western New York. Some of 

 the most prominent types are mentioned for the purpose, not of 

 recommending any one of them, but to acquaint the reader with the 

 leading principles in the manual operation of an evaporating estab- 

 lishment. 



The lifting device by means of which the trays are elevated in 

 the Bush stack (Figs. 105, 109, 110) may be called the Culver- 



