June, 1902. The Mishongnovi Ceremonies — Dorsey. 199 



the hearth, and the second boy bringing bunches of herbs for Poli- 

 hiingwa, to be used on his bahos. 



Polihungwa now discontinued for a few minutes his baho making, 

 and joining Shakhungwa, took a long cotton string, with which they 

 laid the sand field off into five concentric squares.* These lines of 

 course were for the better guidance of the priests later, as they cov- 

 ered and filled in on the sand field with the four different colors for 

 the four world quarters. The lines for the world quarters having 

 thus been marked off, Namurztiwa began to outline in the sand with 

 the point of a quill the cloud and. lightning symbols. The field was 

 now ready for the colored sands which were to form the mosaic. The 

 actual formation of the mosaic by means of the colored sand was 

 begun by Sikanakpu, who commenced a black band about an inch in 

 width on the northwest corner, which he continued on the west side. 

 Before he had carried this to any extent Namurzitwa began a yellow 

 band on the northeast corner and carried it forward on the north side 

 toward the west. Simultaneously Shakhungwa began a green band 

 on the northeast corner and carried it to a distance of six inches in 

 each direction from that corner. He then did the same with the red 

 band and with the white band, and began filling in the green cloud. 

 Namurztiwa continued his yellow band along the west side and along 

 the south side, while Sikanakpu completed his north black band. 

 Shakhungwa, without having completed any of the bands that he w-as 

 so far engaged at, begin to fill in the first red cloud symbol. Nam- 

 urztiwa continued his yellow band to the east and Shakhungwa began 

 a white cloud symbol. Sikanakpu then finished a red cloud, Nam- 

 urztiwa a yellow, Sikanakpu another red, while Shakhungwa began 

 the white lightning symbol, completing half of it and beginning on 

 another white cloud. Namurztiwa finished his three yellow cloud 

 symbols and then took up the fourth. Sikanakpu began and finished 

 his fourth red cloud while Sikangpu completed the second white cloud 

 and began the white lightning symbol. At this point Qomahoiniwa 

 sent two of the boys for more sand as the supply of certain colors 

 was growing short. Namurztiwa began the yellow lightning symbol 

 while Sikanakpu finished the fourth red lightning symbol. Shak- 

 hungwa then began the white field lying to the east of the white light- 

 ning symbol. 



In the meantime Sikangpu left the, kiva and returned in a few 

 moments with a large red bowl which he placed on the banquette to the 



•The junior author has frequently seen sand mosaics made but never before saw any line^ 

 square, straight edge or any other instrument used, the priests always arranging the sand field 

 and the figures on it by eyesight only. 



