328 Field Columbian Museum — Anthropoujgy, Vol. III. 



As soon as the singing ceremony is concluded and the Snakes 

 have filed out in the usual way, one of the warriors takes a position 

 near the south-east corner of the altar and shoots the lightning frame 

 four times towards the hatchway, which he follows by swinging the 

 buUroarer four times. The other warrior repeats the same action, all 

 the Antelopes in the mean while waiting in silence. Before the war- 

 riors leave the klva they stop at the foot of the latter and say, one 

 after the other, "Ita ctikaokahkan'g pio tapkiwicni" (We, being 

 strengthened, again go forth towards the evening). Outside they first 

 shoot the lightning frames four times towards the sun, then they go 

 around the kiva four times, shooting the lightning frame and twirling 

 the bullroarer, once at each end and on each side of the kfva.^ They 

 then proceed to the Snake klva twirling the bullroarer on the way. 

 At the Snake klva they repeat the same performance that took place 

 at the Antelope klva, only here first outside and then inside of the 

 klva. When they have finished, they lay their instruments on a tray, 

 near the altar, which is then placed near the fireplace. All present 

 assemble around it and smoke over it, following the smoke by a prayer 

 from each one, even the smaller boys (which is something unusual) 

 and another smoke, for which all pipes that can be found are used. 

 This smoke is followed by the usual morning meal in which all 

 participate. 



After breakfast the men engage in different pursuits; some repair 

 their snake costumes, moccasins, etc., others make prayer offerings, 

 smoke, sleep, etc. As a knowledge of the manufacturing of bahos on 

 this occasion, their kind and how they were disposed of may be of 

 importance in further studies of this ceremony, and as the observa- 

 tions thus far made on this subject are somewhat incomplete, those 

 that have been made will be given in detail. In 1896 the following 

 prayer offerings were made, as far as recorded : Macangontiwa made 

 one peculiar double baho, which he painted light blue and which, on 

 account of its color, was very unusual. It was about six inches long 

 and otherwise made the same as any other common bahos, only it 

 had a long string (pflhu) attached to it. Besides this, he made three 

 or four double bdhos, one stick being black, one green. These bahos 

 with sticks of two different colors are called naalong-bahos and are 

 made, as far as I know, by the Snake and Antelope Fraternities only. 

 He also prepared four piitsvahos which have already been described. 



Nuvakwahu made three naalong-bahos, the same kind as Macan- 

 gontiwa had made. 



Puhtinomtiwa made seven warrior bahos, which, it will be remem- 



'■ These acts symbolize lightning and thunder. 



