EOTSON. CULTURE STUDIES OF FUNGI. 281 



although the characteristic " Aspergilhis-like" fructification illus- 

 trated in connection with the latter has never been observed. These 

 conidia were picked out with Barber's apparatus and transferred to 

 nutrient tubes where they germinated and produced mycelium on 

 which bulbils developed. In this respect they differed from those of 

 P. aspergilliformis, which, although repeated efforts were made, 

 could not be induced to germinate. 



When these bulbils are crushed the contents of the large central 

 cells escape, surrounded by a thick endosporium (Figure 11, Plate 10). 

 These cells germinate readily in Van Tieghem cells (Figure 12, Plate 

 10>. 



Papulospora rubida n. sp. 

 Plate 8, Figures 12-27. 



Mycelium white, procumbent or slightly aerial on some media; 

 bulbils more or less spherical, 30-40 n in diameter, with 2-5 large 

 central cells surrounded by a layer of empty cells which usually 

 retain their yellowish red color, at maturity the whole culture has a 

 brick-red aspect; primordium a spiral, with many modifications; 

 conidia on bottle-shaped sterigmata, but not formed in white tufts. 



On dog dung from Buenos Ayres. 



This species was obtained from a pure culture received from Dr. 

 Thaxter, which he has had growing for a number of years. It was 

 originally found on dog dung from Buenos Ayres. In general it 

 resembles P. coprophila in size, form, and mode of development. 

 It is easily distinguished, however, by the appearance of the culture. 

 The mycelium is more or less procumbent and the bulbils give the 

 whole substratum a brick-red aspect, in old cultures forming a leathery 

 incrustation which often cracks as the medium dries up. The my- 

 celium of P. coprophila, on the other hand, is flocculent, filling the 

 whole lower part of the test-tubes in slant cultures, and the bulbils 

 give the culture a dark brown appearance. The cortical layer is 

 colorless and more definitely marked in the latter species. 



The hyphae of the form under consideration vary from 3-14 ju in 

 diameter and, especially in old cultures, have well marked cross walls. 

 Large swollen intercalary cells (Figure 24, Plate 8), are often formed, 

 which seem to act as storage cells, as they are densely filled with 

 granular, protoplasmic material and oil globules. 



Thr bulbils-. — A short lateral branch coils up spirally usually mak- 

 ing one to one and a half turns (Figures 12-1."), 21, 22, _'7, 25a, Plate 

 8 and divides up into cells all of which become more or less swollen. 



